它指定一个文字问号。这是需要的，因为一个鲜为人知的功能，称为 trigraphs ，您可以在其中写一个三个字符序列从问号开始替换另一个字符。如果您启用了三位图，为了写??在一个字符串中，您需要将其写为？\？，以防止预处理程序尝试将其作为三字母的开头读取。

（如果你想知道为什么有人会介绍这样的功能？：某些键盘或字符集不包括常用的符号，如 { ，所以他们介绍了三字母，所以你可以写 ??< 。）

I'm writing a regular expression in Objective-C.

The escape sequence \w is illegal and emits a warning, so the regular expression /\w/ must be written as @"\\w"; the escape sequence \? is valid, apparently, and doesn't emit a warning, so the regular expression /\?/ must be written as @"\\?" (i.e., the backslash must be escaped).

Question marks aren't invisible like \t or \n, so why is \? a valid escape sequence?

Edit: To clarify, I'm not asking about the quantifier, I'm asking about a string escape sequence. That is, this doesn't emit a warning:

NSString *valid = @"\?";

By contrast, this does emit a warning ("Unknown escape sequence '\w'"):

NSString *invalid = @"\w";

It specifies a literal question mark. It is needed because of a little-known feature called trigraphs, where you can write a three-character sequence starting with question marks to substitute another character. If you have trigraphs enabled, in order to write "??" in a string, you need to write it as "?\?" in order to prevent the preprocessor from trying to read it as the beginning of a trigraph.

(If you're wondering "Why would anybody introduce a feature like this?": Some keyboards or character sets didn't include commonly used symbols like {. so they introduced trigraphs so you could write ??< instead.)