It's possible, but looks like does not make sense. Because Google Map requires only bitmap. So you need create bitmap and draw your shape with help of canvas.

marker.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<layer-list xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">

<item
    android:width="20dp"
    android:height="20dp"
    android:top="10dp">
    <rotate
        android:fromDegrees="45"
        android:pivotX="75%"
        android:pivotY="40%">
        <shape>
            <solid android:color="#fe696d" />
        </shape>
    </rotate>
</item>

<item
    android:width="@dimen/marker_width"
    android:height="@dimen/marker_height"
    android:bottom="8dp">
    <shape>
        <solid android:color="#4b4b4b" />
        <corners
            android:topLeftRadius="@dimen/marker_corner_radius"
            android:topRightRadius="4dp" />
    </shape>

</item>


<item
    android:width="32dp"
    android:height="26dp"
    android:bottom="4dp"
    android:top="16dp">
    <shape>
        <solid android:color="#fe696d" />
        <corners
            android:bottomLeftRadius="@dimen/marker_corner_radius"
            android:bottomRightRadius="@dimen/marker_corner_radius" />
    </shape>

</item>

dimen.xml

<resources>
    <dimen name="marker_corner_radius">4dp</dimen>
    <dimen name="marker_height">40dp</dimen>
    <dimen name="marker_width">32dp</dimen>
</resources>

part of code to convert shape into bitmap (from fragment/activity with Map)

@Override
public void onMapReady(GoogleMap googleMap) {
    mMap = googleMap;
    Drawable drawable = ResourcesCompat.getDrawable(getResources(), R.drawable.marker, null);
    Canvas canvas = new Canvas();
    int width = getResources().getDimensionPixelOffset(R.dimen.marker_width);
    int height = getResources().getDimensionPixelOffset(R.dimen.marker_height);
    drawable.setBounds(0, 0, width, height);
    Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(width, height, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);
    canvas.setBitmap(bitmap);
    drawable.draw(canvas);
    BitmapDescriptor bitmapDescriptor = BitmapDescriptorFactory.fromBitmap(bitmap);
    LatLng sydney = new LatLng(-34, 151);
    mMap.addMarker(new MarkerOptions().icon(bitmapDescriptor).position(sydney).title("Marker in Sydney"));
    mMap.moveCamera(CameraUpdateFactory.newLatLng(sydney));
}

result would be next