显示matplotlib图形的窗口没有添加滚动条的选项.它将自动将其大小调整为图形大小.相反，如果调整大小，图形也将调整大小.

The window showing the matplotlib figure does not have the option to add scrollbars. It will automatically resize itself to the figure size. And inversely, if it is resized the figure will resize as well.

一种选择是构建具有此功能的自定义窗口.为此，可以使用PyQt.下面给出一个示例，其中不调用plt.show()，而是使用图形作为参数来调用自定义类.图形尺寸应事先设置为图形fig，并且该自定义类不会更改它.而是将图形放置在带有滚动条的画布中，以便图形保留其原始大小，并且可以在Qt窗口中滚动.您不必处理类内的详细信息，而只需处理脚本末尾的调用即可.

An option would be to build a custom window which does have this ability. For that purpose, one can use PyQt. An example is given below, where instead of calling plt.show() a custom class is called with the figure to draw as an argument. The figure size should be set to the figure fig beforehands and that custom class will not change it. Instead it puts the figure into a canvas with scrollbars, such that the figure retains it's original size and can be scrolled within the Qt window. You wouln't have to deal with the details inside the class but only the call at the end of the script.

此示例适用于 PyQt4 ，请参见下面的PyQt5示例.

This example is for PyQt4, see below for a PyQt5 example.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from PyQt4 import QtGui
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt4agg import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar

class ScrollableWindow(QtGui.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, fig):
        self.qapp = QtGui.QApplication([])

        QtGui.QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.widget = QtGui.QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.widget)
        self.widget.setLayout(QtGui.QVBoxLayout())
        self.widget.layout().setContentsMargins(0,0,0,0)
        self.widget.layout().setSpacing(0)

        self.fig = fig
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.fig)
        self.canvas.draw()
        self.scroll = QtGui.QScrollArea(self.widget)
        self.scroll.setWidget(self.canvas)

        self.nav = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self.widget)
        self.widget.layout().addWidget(self.nav)
        self.widget.layout().addWidget(self.scroll)

        self.show()
        exit(self.qapp.exec_()) 


# create a figure and some subplots
fig, axes = plt.subplots(ncols=4, nrows=5, figsize=(16,16))
for ax in axes.flatten():
    ax.plot([2,3,5,1])

# pass the figure to the custom window
a = ScrollableWindow(fig)

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这是 PyQt5 的版本.

---

Here is a version for PyQt5.

import matplotlib
# Make sure that we are using QT5
matplotlib.use('Qt5Agg')
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from PyQt5 import QtWidgets
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvas
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import NavigationToolbar2QT as NavigationToolbar


class ScrollableWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self, fig):
        self.qapp = QtWidgets.QApplication([])

        QtWidgets.QMainWindow.__init__(self)
        self.widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
        self.setCentralWidget(self.widget)
        self.widget.setLayout(QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout())
        self.widget.layout().setContentsMargins(0,0,0,0)
        self.widget.layout().setSpacing(0)

        self.fig = fig
        self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.fig)
        self.canvas.draw()
        self.scroll = QtWidgets.QScrollArea(self.widget)
        self.scroll.setWidget(self.canvas)

        self.nav = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self.widget)
        self.widget.layout().addWidget(self.nav)
        self.widget.layout().addWidget(self.scroll)

        self.show()
        exit(self.qapp.exec_()) 


# create a figure and some subplots
fig, axes = plt.subplots(ncols=4, nrows=5, figsize=(16,16))
for ax in axes.flatten():
    ax.plot([2,3,5,1])

# pass the figure to the custom window
a = ScrollableWindow(fig)

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虽然此答案显示了一种滚动完整图形的方法，但如果您对滚动轴的内容感兴趣，请查看 查看全文