您可以使用.split("/")并遍历结果，在嵌套对象中创建属性:

You could use .split("/") and iterate over the results, creating properties in nested objects:

let paths = [
  "path1/subpath1/file111.doc",
  "path1/subpath1/file112.doc",
  "path1/subpath2/file121.doc",
  "path1/subpath2/file122.doc",
  "path2/subpath1/file211.doc",
  "path2/subpath1/file212.doc",
  "path2/subpath2/file221.doc",
  "path2/subpath2/file222.doc",
  "path2/additionalpath3/additionalpath1/file2311.doc"
];

let treePath = {};
paths.forEach(path => {
  let levels = path.split("/");
  let file = levels.pop();

  let prevLevel = treePath;
  let prevProp = levels.shift();

  levels.forEach(prop => {
    prevLevel[prevProp] = prevLevel[prevProp] || {};
    prevLevel = prevLevel[prevProp];
    prevProp = prop;
  });

  prevLevel[prevProp] = (prevLevel[prevProp] || []).concat([file]);
});

console.log(treePath);

或者:

let paths = [
  "path1/subpath1/file111.doc",
  "path1/subpath1/file112.doc",
  "path1/subpath2/file121.doc",
  "path1/subpath2/file122.doc",
  "path2/subpath1/file211.doc",
  "path2/subpath1/file212.doc",
  "path2/subpath2/file221.doc",
  "path2/subpath2/file222.doc",
  "path2/additionalpath3/additionalpath1/file2311.doc"
];

let treePath = {};
paths.forEach(path => {
  let levels = path.split("/");
  let file = levels.pop();

  levels.reduce((prev, lvl, i) => {
    return prev[lvl] = (levels.length - i - 1) ? prev[lvl] || {} : (prev[lvl] || []).concat([file]);
  }, treePath);
});

console.log(treePath);