希望下面的代码对第 (1) 点有所帮助.我意识到这是部分答案.我用Linux测试过.代码应该与操作系统无关，但我尚未对此进行测试.

Hopefully the code below will help with point(1). I realise this is a partial answer. I tested using Linux. The code should be OS agnostic, but I have not tested this.

代码使用看门狗库监控TEST_DIR中定义的目录.如果 TEST_FILE 中定义的文件发生更改，则会从名为 MyHandler 的事件处理类向主函数发送一条消息.我投入了一些丑陋的时间检查，因为每次更改文件时都会触发多个事件.因此，对于在 THRESHOLD 时间内发生的事件，只会触发单个分派.我将其设置为 0.01 秒.

The code monitors the directory defined in TEST_DIR using the watchdog library. If the file defined in TEST_FILE is changed, then a message is sent from the event handling class called MyHandler to the main function. I put in some ugly time checking as each time a file is altered, multiple events are triggered. So only a single dispatch will be triggered for events occurring within THRESHOLD time. I set this to 0.01 s.

向 dispatcher_receiver 函数添加代码以读取更新的文件.

Add code to the dispatcher_receiver function to read in the updated file.

import ntpath
# pip3 install pydispatcher --user
from pydispatch import dispatcher
import sys
import time
from watchdog.observers import Observer
from watchdog.events import FileSystemEventHandler


MYHANDLER_SENDER = 'myhandler_sender'
MYHANDLER_SIGNAL = 'myhandler_signal'
TEST_FILE = 'test_data.csv'
TEST_DIR = '/home/bill/data/documents/infolab2/progs/jupyter_notebooks/pyqtgraph/test_data/'
THRESHOLD_TIME = 0.01


class MyHandler(FileSystemEventHandler):
    ''' handle events from the file system '''
    def __init__(self):
        self.start_time = time.time()

    def on_modified(self, event):
        now_time = time.time()
        # filter out multiple modified events occuring for a single file operation
        if (now_time - self.start_time) < THRESHOLD_TIME:
            print('repeated event, not triggering')
            return
        changed_file = ntpath.basename(event.src_path)
        if changed_file == TEST_FILE:
            print('changed file: {}'.format(changed_file))
            print('event type: {}'.format(event.event_type))
            print('do something...')
            # print(event)
            message = '{} changed'.format(changed_file)
            dispatcher.send(message=message, signal=MYHANDLER_SIGNAL, sender=MYHANDLER_SENDER)
        self.start_time = now_time


def main():
    dispatcher.connect(dispatcher_receive, signal=MYHANDLER_SIGNAL, sender=MYHANDLER_SENDER)
    observer = Observer()
    observer.schedule(event_handler, path=TEST_DIR, recursive=False)
    observer.start()
    try:
        while True:
            time.sleep(1)
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        observer.stop()
    observer.join()

def dispatcher_receive(message):
    print('received dispatch: {}'.format(message))
    # read in the altered file

if __name__ == "__main__":
    event_handler = MyHandler()
    main()