下面的简单解决方案始终使用文件夹C:\Temp中的第一个TEST_*.dat文件执行命令.

The simple solution below executes the command always with first TEST_*.dat file found in folder C:\Temp.

@echo off
for %%F in ("C:\Temp\TEST_*.dat") do (
    sqlldr USERID=xyz/xyz@db CONTROL='C:\Temp\TEST.ctl' LOG='C:\Temp\TEST.log' "DATA=%%F"
    goto AfterLoop
)
:AfterLoop

一个更好的解决方案是始终根据最近的修改日期，使用文件夹C:\Temp中最新的TEST_*.dat文件执行命令.

A perhaps better solution is executing the command always with newest TEST_*.dat file found in folder C:\Temp according to last modification date.

@echo off
for /F "delims=" %%F in ('dir "C:\Temp\TEST_*.dat" /B /O-D /TW 2^>nul') do (
    sqlldr USERID=xyz/xyz@db CONTROL='C:\Temp\TEST.ctl' LOG='C:\Temp\TEST.log' "DATA=%%F"
    goto AfterLoop
)
:AfterLoop

可以将找到的文件的名称分配给FOR循环中的环境变量，然后运行AfterLoop下的命令.但这需要其他代码来检查文件夹中是否至少找到了一个文件.

It would be possible to assign the name of the found file to an environment variable inside the FOR loop and run the command below AfterLoop. But this requires additional code to check if at least 1 file was found in the folder.

这些批处理代码段是通过在命令提示符窗口for /?和dir /?中运行来使用帮助信息输出开发的.

Those batch code snippets were developed using the help information output by running in a command prompt window for /? and dir /?.

2^>nul会将命令dir的错误输出重定向到设备NUL，如果在此文件夹中找不到文件，以抑制这种特殊情况下的不需要的错误消息.

2^>nul is redirecting the error output of command dir to device NUL if no file is found in folder to suppress the unwanted error message for this special use case.

我的最后提示:

在批处理文件中，始终指定要使用完整路径和文件扩展名运行的应用程序(如果路径/文件名中有空格，则用双引号引起来)，以避免依赖于环境变量 PATH 中的目录，除非这是无法执行该操作，因为在批量执行时不知道应用程序可执行文件的存储位置.

In batch files always specify applications to run with full path and file extension (in double quotes if space in path/file name) to avoid being dependent on directories in environment variable PATH, except this is not possible as storage location of application executable is not known on batch execution.