你可以使用我维护的包qdapDictionaries(不需要安装父包qdap).如果您的数据更复杂，您可能需要使用诸如 tolower 之类的工具来使其工作.这里的想法基本上是查看已知单词列表 ?GradyAugmented 与您的单词相交的位置.以下是两种非常相似的方法，第一种方法可能会稍微快一些，具体取决于数据:

You could use the package I maintain qdapDictionaries (no need for the parent package qdap to be installed). If your data is more complex you may need to use tools like tolower etc. to make it work. The idea here is basically to see where a known word list ?GradyAugmented intersects with your words. Here are two very similar approaches, the first is likely slightly faster depending on data:

vector <- c("picture", "carpet", "lamp", "notaword", "anothernotaword")

library(qdapDictionaries)
vector[vector %in% GradyAugmented]

## [1] "picture" "carpet"  "lamp"

intersect(vector, GradyAugmented)

## [1] "picture" "carpet"  "lamp"   

您在安装 qdap 时收到的错误听起来像是 @Ben Bolker 是正确的.您将需要 data.table 已安装(使用 packageVersion("data.table") 来检查).这是我的疏忽，不需要最小版本的 data.table，我认为 setDT(data.table 中的一个函数)包)一直存在，但它似乎不在您的版本中.但是要解决这个特殊问题，您不需要安装父 qdap 包，只需安装 qdapDictionaries.

The error you are receiving with installing qdap sounds like @Ben Bolker is correct. You will need a newer version (I'd suggest the latest version) of data.table installed (use packageVersion("data.table") to check this). That is an oversight on my part with not requiring a minimal version of data.table, I thought setDT (a function in the data.table package) was always around but it appears to not be in your version. But to solve this particular problem you wouldn't need to install the parent qdap package, just qdapDictionaries.