您可以使用os.setuid()设置用户，也可以使用pwd获取uid. 像这样:

You can set the user with os.setuid(), and you can get the uid with pwd. Like so:

>>> import pwd, os
>>> uid = pwd.getpwnam('root')[2]
>>> os.setuid(uid)

很明显，这仅在用户或可执行文件具有许可的情况下才有效.我不知道该如何设置.显然，如果您是root用户，它就可以工作.我认为您可能需要在Python可执行文件上使用setuid标志，这将留下WHOPPING安全漏洞.如果您setuid的用户也是专用的受限用户，除了您需要执行的任何操作之外，该用户什么也不能做，则这是可能的.

Obviously this only works if the user or executable has the permission to do so. Exactly how to set that up I don't know. Obviously it works if you are root. I think you may need to the the setuid flag on the Python executable, and that would leave a WHOPPING security hole. possible that's permittable if the user you setuid too is a dedicated restricted user that can't do anything except whatever you need to do.

基于用户，setuiding和其他内容的Unix安全性不是很好或不实用，并且很容易留下大的安全漏洞.实际上，更安全的选择是使此客户端-服务器无效，因此您有一个妖精可以做所有事情，然后客户端与之对话.这样，该恶魔可以以比用户更高的安全性来运行，但是用户在运行脚本时必须提供名称和密码，或者使用某些公钥/私钥或类似的方式标识自己.

Unix security, based on users and setuiding and stuff, is not very good or practical, and it's easy to leave big security holes. A more secure option is actually to do this client-server typish, so you have a demon that does everything, and the client talks to it. The demon can then run with a higher security than the users, but the users would have to give a name and password when they run the script, or identify themselves with some public/private key or somesuch.