IMHO, the easiest way to do this is to use COM+ (Component Services) which is part of Windows for like 20 years or so (previous versions used to be called MTS...). It provides the surrogate infrastructure for you with tools, UI, and everything you need. But that means you'll have to use COM, so it's good to know a bit of COM for this.

First create an x86 COM DLL. I've used ATL for that. Created an ATL project, added an ATL simple object to it, added the method to the IDL and implementation.

.idl (note the [out, retval] attributes so the temperature is considered a return value for higher level languages including .NET):

import "oaidl.idl";
import "ocidl.idl";

[
  object,
  uuid(f9988875-6bf1-4f3f-9ad4-64fa220a5c42),
  dual,
  nonextensible,
  pointer_default(unique)
]
interface IMyObject : IDispatch
{
  HRESULT GetTemperature(ULONG sensorId, [out, retval] FLOAT* temperature);
};
[
  uuid(2de2557f-9bc2-42ef-8c58-63ba77834d0f),
  version(1.0),
]
library x86LibraryLib
{
  importlib("stdole2.tlb");
  [
    uuid(b20dcea2-9b8f-426d-8d96-760276fbaca9)
  ]
  coclass MyObject
  {
    [default] interface IMyObject;
  };
};

import "shobjidl.idl";

Method implementation for testing purposes:

STDMETHODIMP GetTemperature(ULONG sensorId, FLOAT* temperature)
{
  *temperature = sizeof(void*); // should be 4 in x86 :-)
  return S_OK;
}

Now, you must register this component in the 32-bit registry (in fact, if you're running Visual Studio w/o admin rights, it will complain at compile time that the component cannot be registered, that's expected), so on a 64-bit OS, you must run something like this (note SysWow64) with admin rights:

c:WindowsSysWOW64
egsvr32 x86Library.dll

Once you've done that, run "Component Services", browse "Computers/My Computer/COM+ Applications", right click and create a New Application. Choose a name and a "Server application". It means your component will be hosted in COM+ surrogate process.

Once you've done that, browse "Components", right click and create a New Component. Make sure you select "32-bit registry". You should see your object's ProgId. In my case when I created my ATL project I added "MyObject" as a Progid, but otherwise it could be named something like "x86Library.MyObject" or "x86LibraryLib.MyObject"... If it's not there, than you made some mistake earlier.

That's it. Now, this .NET program will always be able to run, compiled as AnyCpu or x86 or x64:

class Program
{
    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        var type = Type.GetTypeFromProgID("MyObject"); // the same progid
        dynamic o = Activator.CreateInstance(type);
        Console.WriteLine(o.GetTemperature(1234)); // always displays 4
    }
}

You can use Component Services UI to configure your surrogate (activation, shutdown, etc.). It also has an API so you can create COM+ apps programmatically.