解决方案1:jest.spyOn(Component.methods, 'METHOD_NAME')

您可以使用 jest.spyOn 来模拟组件方法安装:

 import MyComponent from '@/components/MyComponent.vue'

describe('MyComponent', () => {
  it('click does something', async () => {
    const mockMethod = jest.spyOn(MyComponent.methods, 'doSomething')
    await shallowMount(MyComponent).find('button').trigger('click')
    expect(mockMethod).toHaveBeenCalled()
  })
})
 

解决方案2:将方法移到可以模拟的单独文件中

官方建议"; ，并使用Jest的各种模拟机制 >模拟被测组件调用的抽象模块.

例如，要验证是否调用了click处理程序:

1. 将click -handler的主体移动到共享的JavaScript文件中.
2. 将共享模块导入被测组件和测试中(请确保在两种情况下都使用相同的导入路径).
3. 调用jest.mock()模拟共享模块的导出功能.
4. 在测试套件的 beforeEach() 中重置模拟.仅当套件中有多个测试时，才有必要.

 // @/components/MyComponent/utils.js
export function doSomething() { /*...*/ } //1️⃣

// @/components/MyComponent/MyComponent.vue (<script>)
import { doSomething } from '@/components/MyComponent/utils' //2️⃣

export default {
  methods: {
    onClick() {
      doSomething() //1️⃣
    }
  }
}

// @/test/MyComponent.spec.js
import { doSomething } from '@/components/MyComponent/utils' //2️⃣
jest.mock('@/components/MyComponent/utils') //3️⃣

describe('MyComponent', () => {
  beforeEach(() => doSomething.mockClear()) //4️⃣

  it('click does something', async () => {
    await shallowMount(MyComponent).find('button').trigger('click')
    expect(doSomething).toHaveBeenCalled()
  })
})
 

解决方案3:setMethods()(低于v1.0)

使用setMethods()(已弃用从v1.0起)以覆盖组件方法:

 describe('MyComponent', () => {
  it('click does something', async () => {
    // Option A:
    const mockMethod = jest.fn()
    const wrapper = shallowMount(MyComponent)
    wrapper.setMethods({ doSomething: mockMethod })
    await wrapper.find('button').trigger('click')
    expect(mockMethod).toHaveBeenCalled()

    // Option B:
    const mockMethod = jest.fn()
    const wrapper = shallowMount(MyComponent, {
      methods: {
        doSomething: mockMethod
      }
    })
    await wrapper.find('button').trigger('click')
    expect(mockMethod).toHaveBeenCalled()
  })
})
 

演示 >

I'm learning TDD whilst building my Vue app, and trying to abide by the strict laws of only writing enough production code to satisfy a failing unit test. I am really enjoying this approach, but I have run into a roadblock in regards to adding methods to a Vue instance, and testing that they have been called when the event fires from the element in the template.

I cannot find any suggestions as to how I can mock a Vue method given that if I mock the proxied method, it ends up not being called (I'm using Jest and Vue Test Utils).

I am also using Cypress, so I can fill in this test in e2e, but I would like to be able to cover as much as possible with unit tests.

I own the book "Testing Vue.js Applications" by Edd Yerburgh, but in the section regarding testing component methods, he simply states the following:

Often, components use methods internally. For example, to log to the console when a button is clicked [...] You can think of these as private methods—they aren’t intended to be used outside of the component. Private methods are implementation details, so you don’t write tests for them directly.

This approach obviously does not allow the stricter laws of TDD to be followed, so how do the TDD purists handle this?

ButtonComponent.vue

<template>
    <button @click="method">Click me</button>
</template>

<script>
    export default: {
        methods: {
            method () {
                // Have I been called?
            }
        }
    }
</script>

ButtonComponent.spec.js

it('will call the method when clicked', () => {
    const wrapper = shallowMount(ButtonComponent)
    const mockMethod = jest.fn()
    wrapper.vm.method = mockMethod

    const button = wrapper.find('button')
    button.vm.$emit('click')

    expect(mockMethod).toHaveBeenCalled()
    // Expected mock function to have been called, but it was not called
})

Solution 1: jest.spyOn(Component.methods, 'METHOD_NAME')

You could use jest.spyOn to mock the component method before mounting:

import MyComponent from '@/components/MyComponent.vue'

describe('MyComponent', () => {
  it('click does something', async () => {
    const mockMethod = jest.spyOn(MyComponent.methods, 'doSomething')
    await shallowMount(MyComponent).find('button').trigger('click')
    expect(mockMethod).toHaveBeenCalled()
  })
})

Solution 2: Move methods into separate file that could be mocked

The official recommendation is to "abstract the hard parts away", and use Jest's various mocking mechanisms to mock the abstracted module invoked by the component under test.

For example, to verify a click-handler is invoked:

1. Move the click-handler's body into a shared JavaScript file.
2. Import the shared module into the component under test and in your tests (make sure to use the same import path in both cases).
3. Call jest.mock() to mock the exported functions of the shared module.
4. Reset the mock in your test suite's beforeEach(). This might only be necessary when there are multiple tests in the suite.

// @/components/MyComponent/utils.js
export function doSomething() { /*...*/ } //1️⃣

// @/components/MyComponent/MyComponent.vue (<script>)
import { doSomething } from '@/components/MyComponent/utils' //2️⃣

export default {
  methods: {
    onClick() {
      doSomething() //1️⃣
    }
  }
}

// @/test/MyComponent.spec.js
import { doSomething } from '@/components/MyComponent/utils' //2️⃣
jest.mock('@/components/MyComponent/utils') //3️⃣

describe('MyComponent', () => {
  beforeEach(() => doSomething.mockClear()) //4️⃣

  it('click does something', async () => {
    await shallowMount(MyComponent).find('button').trigger('click')
    expect(doSomething).toHaveBeenCalled()
  })
})

Solution 3: setMethods() (pre v1.0)

Use setMethods() (deprecated as of v1.0) to overwrite a component method:

describe('MyComponent', () => {
  it('click does something', async () => {
    // Option A:
    const mockMethod = jest.fn()
    const wrapper = shallowMount(MyComponent)
    wrapper.setMethods({ doSomething: mockMethod })
    await wrapper.find('button').trigger('click')
    expect(mockMethod).toHaveBeenCalled()

    // Option B:
    const mockMethod = jest.fn()
    const wrapper = shallowMount(MyComponent, {
      methods: {
        doSomething: mockMethod
      }
    })
    await wrapper.find('button').trigger('click')
    expect(mockMethod).toHaveBeenCalled()
  })
})

demo