在你的方法中，你正在捕获异常并记录消息（这是一个糟糕的做法，你应该记录stacktrace），而在你的测试中你说出执行测试必须抛出 be.vdab.util.mens.MensException 而不被捕获。

只是在被测试的方法/构造函数中抛出它或者根本就没有。

选项1：

$ pre> public Voertuig（/ * ...你的参数在这里... * /）{
this.nummerplaat = div.getNummerplaat（）;
this.Zitplaatsen = Zitplaatsen;
尝试{
// ...
// try ...
// ...
} catch（MensException e）{
//System.out.println（e.getMessage（））;
//使用记录器，而不是System.out
//如果您还想使用System.out
//那么至少使用下面显示的代码
// e.printStackTrace（System.out的）;
//上面的行被评论了，因为没有必要记录
//并重新抛出异常
//异常将被***执行
//处理应该记录或使用另一个策略
throw e;
}
}


选项2：

  public Voertuig（/ * ...你的参数在这里... * /）{
 this.nummerplaat = div.getNummerplaat（）; 
 this.Zitplaatsen = Zitplaatsen; 
 //删除try 
 //尝试{
 // ... 
 //尝试...中的代码
 // ... 
 //删除catch 
 //} catch（MensException e）{
 // System.out.println（e.getMessage（））; 
 //} 
} 
 

IMO我会使用选项2而不是选项1。

Hi so there's a test for a constructor for a vehicle. The test initializes a vehicle with a driver without a driving license and it should throw an Exception. code constructor:

public Voertuig(String Merk, Datum datumEersteIngebruikname, int Aankoopprijs, int Zitplaatsen, Mens bestuurder, Mens ... ingezetenen) {
    this.nummerplaat = div.getNummerplaat();
    this.Zitplaatsen = Zitplaatsen;
    try {

        this.Merk = Merk;
        this.datumEersteIngebruikname = datumEersteIngebruikname;
        this.Aankoopprijs = Aankoopprijs;
        if (!Arrays.asList(bestuurder.getRijbewijs()).contains(Rijbewijs.B) || !Arrays.asList(bestuurder.getRijbewijs()).contains(Rijbewijs.BE)) {
            throw new MensException("Geen correct rijbewijs");
        } else {
            this.bestuurder = bestuurder;
            Ingezetenen.add(bestuurder);
        }
        Mens[] a = ingezetenen;
        if (a.length > Zitplaatsen - 1) {
            throw new MensException("te veel ingezetenen");
        } else {
            for (int i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
                ingezetenenExclBestuurder.add(a[i]);
                Ingezetenen.add(a[i]);
            }
        }

    } catch (MensException e) {
        System.out.println(e.getMessage());
    } 
}

code test:

 @Test(expected = be.vdab.util.mens.MensException.class)
    public void test_constructor_zonder_Rijbewijs() {
     //VOERTUIG B,BE//bestuurder:---
        Voertuig voertuig = new TestVoertuig("auto", datum, 18300, AANTAL_INZITTENDEN, INGEZETENE_A);
}  

and when i run this focused test method this is the outcome.

------------- Standard Output ---------------

Geen correct rijbewijs

---

Testcase: Testcase: test_constructor_zonder_Rijbewijs(be.vdab.voertuigen.VoertuigTest): FAILED
Expected exception: be.vdab.util.mens.MensException
junit.framework.AssertionFailedError: Expected exception: be.vdab.util.mens.MensException

So according to the Output the Exception is caught and displayed but yet the test failed. Anybody knows why? Thanks in advance.

EDIT: I fixed it by not including a try-catch block but just throwing the exception resulting in having to add 'throws MensException' in every test-method where it was creating an object. I fixed this by adjusting my custom MensException, instead of extending Exception i had it extend RuntimeException so i didn't have to add 'throws MensException' in every test-method.

In your method, you're capturing the exception and logging the message (which is a bad practice, you should log the stacktrace) and in your test you state that the execution of the test must throw a be.vdab.util.mens.MensException without being catched.

Just re throw it or don't catch it at all in the method/constructor being tested.

Option 1:

public Voertuig(/*  ...your arguments here... */) {
    this.nummerplaat = div.getNummerplaat();
    this.Zitplaatsen = Zitplaatsen;
    try {
        //...
        //code in the try...
        //...
    } catch (MensException e) {
        //System.out.println(e.getMessage());
        //use a logger, not System.out
        //in case you still want to use System.out
        //then at least use the code shown below
        //e.printStackTrace(System.out);
        //line above commented since there's no need to log
        //and rethrow the exception
        //the exception will be handled by the highest level execution
        //and there it should be logged or use another strategy
        throw e;
    } 
}

Option 2:

public Voertuig(/*  ...your arguments here... */) {
    this.nummerplaat = div.getNummerplaat();
    this.Zitplaatsen = Zitplaatsen;
//remove the try
//    try {
    //...
    //code in the try...
    //...
//remove the catch
//    } catch (MensException e) {
//        System.out.println(e.getMessage());
//    } 
}

IMO I would use option 2 rather than option 1.