pos <- structure(c(4L, 1L, 4L, 2L, 1L, 3L, 4L, 2L, 1L, 3L, 2L, 4L, 1L, 
    3L, 2L, 4L, 3L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 1L, 2L, 3L, 6L, 6L, 5L, 6L, 5L, 
    6L, 4L, 5L, 4L, 5L, 4L, 3L, 3L, 4L, 3L, 2L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 
    1L, 1L, 1L), .Dim = c(24L, 2L), .Dimnames = list(NULL, c("row", "col")))
ch <- c(5,7,10,5)
C <- 150
s <- c(1,1,1,1)
for (i in 24:1) {
  # for(j in 1:4)
  # {
  #   if (pos[i,1]==j) s[j] <- s[j]+1  
  # }
  j <- pos[i,1]; s[j] <- s[j]+1
  cost <- sum(ch*s)
  if (cost>=C) break
}
s; cost

作为变体，可以遍历矩阵的第一列 pos

As a variant one can run through the first column of the matrix pos

for (j in pos[24:1, "row"]) {
  s[j] <- s[j]+1  
  cost <- sum(ch*s)
  if (cost>=C) break
}
s; cost