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来自dev.mysql :

如果服务器使用--skip-show-database选项启动，则您 除非您拥有SHOW DATABASES，否则根本不能使用此语句(SHOW DATABASES) 特权.

If the server was started with the --skip-show-database option, you cannot use this statement (SHOW DATABASES) at all unless you have the SHOW DATABASES privilege.