您可以使用

You can use ast.literal_eval() to convert the strings to lists.

ast.literal_eval()-

>>> import ast
>>> l = ast.literal_eval('[10,20,30]')
>>> type(l)
<class 'list'>

对于您的情况，可以将其传递给Series.apply，以便(安全地)评估系列中的每个元素.示例-

For your case, you can pass it to Series.apply , so that each element in the series is evaluated (safely). Example -

df = pd.read_csv('DataFrame.txt', sep='\t')
import ast
df['neg_list'] = df['neg'].apply(ast.literal_eval)
df = df.drop('neg',axis=1)
df['pos_list'] = df['pos'].apply(ast.literal_eval)
df = df.drop('pos',axis=1)

演示-

In [15]: import pandas as pd

In [16]: dict2df = {"euNOG": ["ENOG410IF52", "KOG2956", "KOG1997"],
   ....:            "neg": [[58], [1332, 753, 716, 782], [187]],
   ....:            "pos": [[96], [659, 661, 705, 1228], [1414]]}

In [17]: df = pd.DataFrame(dict2df)

In [18]: df.to_csv('DataFrame.txt', sep='\t', header=True, index=False)

In [19]: newdf = pd.read_csv('DataFrame.txt', sep='\t')

In [20]: newdf['neg']
Out[20]:
0                     [58]
1    [1332, 753, 716, 782]
2                    [187]
Name: neg, dtype: object

In [21]: newdf['neg'][0]
Out[21]: '[58]'

In [22]: import ast

In [23]: newdf['neg_list'] = newdf['neg'].apply(ast.literal_eval)

In [24]: newdf = newdf.drop('neg',axis=1)

In [25]: newdf['pos_list'] = newdf['pos'].apply(ast.literal_eval)

In [26]: newdf = newdf.drop('pos',axis=1)

In [27]: newdf
Out[27]:
         euNOG               neg_list               pos_list
0  ENOG410IF52                   [58]                   [96]
1      KOG2956  [1332, 753, 716, 782]  [659, 661, 705, 1228]
2      KOG1997                  [187]                 [1414]

In [28]: newdf['neg_list'][0]
Out[28]: [58]