现在我可以使用它了，但是我真的不知道为什么为什么:

Now I got it working, but I don't really know WHY:

@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
public class WebSocketConfig extends AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
    @Override
    public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry registry) {
        registry.addEndpoint("/stomp").withSockJS();
    }
    @Override
    public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
        registry.enableSimpleBroker("/queue", "/topic"); // <- added "/queue"
        registry.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app");
        registry.setUserDestinationPrefix("/user"); 
    }
}

控制器:

@MessageMapping("/search")
@SendToUser // <- maps to "/user/queue/search"
public String search(@Payload String xxx) {
    return "TEST1234";
}

JS:

stompClient.subscribe('/user/queue/search', function(data){
    alert(data.body);
});

Spring输出:

DEBUG  org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet: 996 - Successfully completed request
DEBUG   o.s.w.s.handler.LoggingWebSocketHandlerDecorator:  45 - New WebSocketServerSockJsSession[id=fkbmnpkj]
DEBUG       o.s.m.simp.broker.SimpleBrokerMessageHandler: 158 - Processing CONNECT session=fkbmnpkj
DEBUG      o.s.m.simp.user.UserDestinationMessageHandler: 187 - Translated /user/queue/search -> [/queue/search-userfkbmnpkj]
DEBUG       o.s.m.simp.broker.SimpleBrokerMessageHandler: 175 - Processing SUBSCRIBE /queue/search-userfkbmnpkj id=sub-0 session=fkbmnpkj

现在日志中还有一行，它表示正在正在处理SUBSCRIBE/queue/search-userfkbmnpkj id = sub-0 session = fkbmnpkj

Now there's an additional line in the log, which says that it is Processing SUBSCRIBE /queue/search-userfkbmnpkj id=sub-0 session=fkbmnpkj

以前没有.

如果有人可以解释为什么我需要/queue映射才能使其正常工作，那仍然会很好.

It would still be nice, if someone could explain why I need the /queue mapping for this to work properly.