axios.post期望(URL，数据，配置).

axios.post expects (url, data, config).

所以您需要这样使用:

  axios.post(
    "http://127.0.0.1:8000/users/password/change/",
    {
      new_password1: newPassword1,
      new_password2: newPassword2
    },
    {
      headers: {
        "Content-type": "application/json",
        "Authorization": `Token ${token}`
      }
    }
  );

文档:

https://github.com/axios/axios#axiosposturl-data-config