我遇到了同样的问题. 禁用AVX/AVX2为我解决了.

I had the same issue. Disabling AVX/AVX2 solved for me.

VBoxManage setextradata "$vm_name" VBoxInternal/CPUM/IsaExts/AVX 0
VBoxManage setextradata "$vm_name" VBoxInternal/CPUM/IsaExts/AVX2 0