可以使用 Quick Switch Scheme 操作通过默认键盘轻松切换UI主题(从IntelliJ Light到Darcula暗模式).快捷键 Ctrl +`.

切换用户界面也可以通过面包屑 File > Settings > 外观行为 > 外观 > 主题在屏幕快照中显示.

在撰写本文时，这可能无法从PyCharm文档中完全弄清，因为使用直观的关键字主题"来搜索动作.没有结果.

用户界面主题

您可以为主题"操作分配快捷方式，以便您可以在主题之间快速切换.

但是，IntelliJ IDEA文档确实明确声明了动作的名称

使用快速切换器

1. 按Ctrl + </kbd>执行视图|快速切换方案"操作.

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直接回答所提出的问题:

是否可以在逐个项目的基础上配置PyCharm暗模式?

我不这么认为.主题配置是IDE范围的设置，而不是项目设置.考虑到通过几个键盘轻触即可轻松更改Theme的情况，因此考虑其他方法实际上并不值得.

我尝试搜索日志文件的样子更改主题的动作:

  2021-04-27 08:59:57,336 [416653]信息-cloudConfig.CloudConfigManager-=== Start.Edit:[colors.scheme.xml] |假|===2021-04-27 08:59:57,336 [416653]信息-cloudConfig.CloudConfigManager-=== Start.Edit:[laf.xml] | true |===2021-04-27 08:59:58,352 [417669]信息-cloudConfig.CloudConfigManager-=== doConnect ===2021-04-27 08:59:58,352 [417669]信息-cloudConfig.CloudConfigManager-=== getConnectionState ===2021-04-27 08:59:59,433 [418750]信息-cloudConfig.CloudConfigManager-=== End.Update:[C:\ Users \ user_name \ AppData \ Roaming \ JetBrains \ PyCharm2021.1 \ jba_config \ colors.scheme.xml，C:\ Users \ user_name \ AppData \ Roaming \ JetBrains \ PyCharm2021.1 \ jba_config \ laf.xml] === 

Is it possible to configure PyCharm dark mode on a project-by-project basis?

Me and my colleague are sharing the same machine to run some simulations and we both use PyCharm, but we have separate workspace/projects. I love IntelliJ Light but my colleague prefers Darcula. So, is it possible to configure different themes for different projects?

Easily switching the UI theme (from IntelliJ Light to Darcula darkmode) can be done using the Quick Switch Scheme action through the default keyboard shortcut Ctrl + `.

Switching the UI can also be done through the breadcrumb File > Settings > Appearance & Behavior > Appearance > Theme shown in the screenshot.

This might not be entirely clear from the PyCharm documentation, at the time of this writing, because searching for the action using the intuitive keyword "theme" gives no results.

User interface themes

You can assign a shortcut to the Theme action, so that you can quickly switch between themes.

However, the IntelliJ IDEA documentation does explicitly state the name of the action

Use the quick switcher

1. Press Ctrl + </kbd> to execute the View | Quick Switch Scheme` action.

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Directly answering the question as it is asked:

Is it possible to configure PyCharm dark mode on a project-by-project basis?

I don't think so. The Theme configuration is an IDE wide setting, not a project setting. Given the ease of changing Theme with a couple of keyboard strokes considering other approaches isn't really worth the effort.

I tried searching the configuration files but couldn't find the Theme setting, probably because the Theme itself is a plugin that needs to run an event so the action of changing themes is more complex than a simple entry in a configuration file. For example, this is what the log file looks like after the action of changing theme:

2021-04-27 08:59:57,336 [ 416653]   INFO - cloudConfig.CloudConfigManager - === Start.Edit: [colors.scheme.xml] |false| === 
2021-04-27 08:59:57,336 [ 416653]   INFO - cloudConfig.CloudConfigManager - === Start.Edit: [laf.xml] |true| === 
2021-04-27 08:59:58,352 [ 417669]   INFO - cloudConfig.CloudConfigManager - === doConnect === 
2021-04-27 08:59:58,352 [ 417669]   INFO - cloudConfig.CloudConfigManager - === getConnectionState === 
2021-04-27 08:59:59,433 [ 418750]   INFO - cloudConfig.CloudConfigManager - === End.Update: [C:\Users\user_name\AppData\Roaming\JetBrains\PyCharm2021.1\jba_config\colors.scheme.xml, C:\Users\user_name\AppData\Roaming\JetBrains\PyCharm2021.1\jba_config\laf.xml] ===