更新时间:2023-12-04 21:54:16
正如其他人已经指出的那样,解决此问题的正确方法是将这些额外的功能放入 模块.在最简单的形式中,模块是 $env:PSModulePath
中列出的文件夹之一中的子文件夹,具有相同名称的 PowerShell 脚本(但扩展名为 .psm1
.ps1
):
As others have already pointed out, the proper way to go about this would be to put those extra functions into a module. In its simplest form a module is a subfolder in one of the folders listed in $env:PSModulePath
with a PowerShell script of the same name (but with the extension .psm1
instead of .ps1
):
$env:USERPROFILE
`-Documents
`-WindowsPowerShell
`-Modules
`-ExtraFunctions
`-ExtraFunctions.psm1
ExtraFunctions.psm1
包含您的所有函数,并以导出函数/别名/… 的 Export-ModuleMember
语句结束.您要发布:
ExtraFunctions.psm1
contains all your functions and ends with an Export-ModuleMember
statement exporting the functions/aliases/… you want to publish:
function Get-Foo {
...
}
function New-Bar {
...
}
...
New-Alias -Name gf -Value Get-Foo
...
Export-ModuleMember -Function Get-Foo, New-Bar, ... -Alias gf, ...
这样你就可以导入特定的成员:
That way you can import specific members:
PS C:\> Import-Module ExtraFunctions -Function Get-Foo
或一次全部:
PS C:\> Import-Module ExtraFunctions
可以通过 Remove-Module
cmdlet 卸载模块:
A module can be unloaded via the Remove-Module
cmdlet:
PS C:\> Remove-Module ExtraFunctions
使用 PowerShell v3 和更新版本,您甚至不需要手动导入模块,因为模块是 在调用其导出的函数/cmdlet 之一时自动加载.
With PowerShell v3 and newer you don't even need to import your module manually, because modules are loaded automatically when one of their exported functions/cmdlets is called.
如果你想进行一些额外的工作,你可以添加一个 模块清单:
If you want to put in some extra work you can add a module manifest:
@{
# Script module or binary module file associated with this manifest
ModuleToProcess = 'ExtraFunctions.psm1'
# Version number of this module.
ModuleVersion = '1.0'
# ID used to uniquely identify this module
GUID = 'dbf5a7ca-683a-4f18-a090-0700ecccf6ff'
# Author of this module
Author = 'Ansgar Wiechers'
# Company or vendor of this module
CompanyName = ''
# Copyright statement for this module
Copyright = ''
# Description of the functionality provided by this module
Description = 'Extra functions.'
# Minimum version of the Windows PowerShell engine required by this module
PowerShellVersion = ''
# Name of the Windows PowerShell host required by this module
PowerShellHostName = ''
# Minimum version of the Windows PowerShell host required by this module
PowerShellHostVersion = ''
# Minimum version of the .NET Framework required by this module
DotNetFrameworkVersion = ''
# Minimum version of the common language runtime (CLR) required by this
# module
CLRVersion = ''
# Processor architecture (None, X86, Amd64, IA64) required by this module
ProcessorArchitecture = ''
# Modules that must be imported into the global environment prior to
# importing this module
RequiredModules = @()
# Assemblies that must be loaded prior to importing this module
RequiredAssemblies = @()
# Script files (.ps1) that are run in the caller's environment prior to
# importing this module
ScriptsToProcess = @()
# Type files (.ps1xml) to be loaded when importing this module
TypesToProcess = @()
# Format files (.ps1xml) to be loaded when importing this module
FormatsToProcess = @()
# Modules to import as nested modules of the module specified in
# ModuleToProcess
NestedModules = @()
# Functions to export from this module
FunctionsToExport = 'Get-Foo', 'New-Bar'
# Cmdlets to export from this module
CmdletsToExport = ''
# Variables to export from this module
VariablesToExport = ''
# Aliases to export from this module
AliasesToExport = 'gf'
# List of all modules packaged with this module
ModuleList = @()
# List of all files packaged with this module
FileList = 'ExtraFunctions.psm1'
# Private data to pass to the module specified in ModuleToProcess
PrivateData = ''
}
清单允许您定义依赖项,或将您的模块实现拆分为多个文件.它们可以手动或通过 创建新模块清单
cmdlet.将清单放入模块的根文件夹中:
Manifests allow you for instance to define dependencies, or to split your module implementation into multiple files. They can be created manually or via the New-ModuleManifest
cmdlet. Put the manifest into the root folder of the module:
$env:USERPROFILE
`-Documents
`-WindowsPowerShell
`-Modules
`-ExtraFunctions
+-ExtraFunctions.psd1
`-ExtraFunctions.psm1