我猜至少有一些库在

pkg-config opencv --libs

是档案库.将存档库放在需要它们的源之前是不正确的(在这种情况下为 test_1.cpp):链接行上源和库的顺序 很重要.

are archive libraries. It is incorrect to put archive libraries before sources that need them (test_1.cpp in this case): the order of sources and libraries on the link line matters.

试试

g++ -o test_1 test_1.cpp `pkg-config opencv --cflags --libs`