在此感谢Hans Passant。请注意，此解决方案还会引起其他问题。

Here is the answer, thanks to Hans Passant. Note that this solution raises additional questions.

1. 确保 https://referencesource.microsoft.com/ 包含您要调试的确切版本。

1. Ensure https://referencesource.microsoft.com/ contains the exact version you're debugging.

• 如何？参考源指定 .NET Framework 4.6.2，但模块版本类似于： 4.6.1586.0


• 您可能需要按以下说明卸载安全更新：如何启用启用.NET Framework源步进？

• How? Reference source specifies ".NET Framework 4.6.2" but a module version is something like: "4.6.1586.0"
• You may need to uninstall security updates as explained here: How do you enable "Enable .NET Framework source stepping"?

按此处指定的方式配置Visual Studio：
https://referencesource.microsoft.com/setup.html

Configure Visual Studio as specified here: https://referencesource.microsoft.com/setup.html

• 取消勾选启用我的代码


• 勾选启用.NET Framework源代码步进（这应该是唯一需要的步骤）


• 勾选启用源服务器支持


• 取消勾选要求源文件与原始版本完全匹配

• Untick "Enable Just My Code"
• Tick "Enable .NET Framework source stepping" (this should have been the only step needed)
• Tick "Enable source server support"
• Untick "Require source files to exactly match the original version"

确认符号已加载到模块窗口中，其中包括源索引。

Confirm symbols are loaded in the Modules window, with source indexing included.

• 如何确定是否包括源索引？模块窗口未指定PDB是否已剥离源信息。

Microsoft可以通过提供有用的错误消息而不是默默地使失败失败，从而使此过程更加健壮。

Microsoft could make this process a lot more robust by giving helpful error messages instead of silently failing.