其中my.cnf文件是：
[mysql]

default-character-set=gbk（控制连接的字符集，character_set_client
                                             character_set_connection
                                             character_set_results，三个参数的字符集将都是gbk）

.........

[mysqld]
..........
character-set-server=gbk（控制服务器的字符集）

mysql> show global variables like 'character%';（查看字符集的变量）
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
| Variable_name            | Value
     |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
| character_set_client     | gbk(客户端字符集gbk)
     |
| character_set_connection | gbk(连接字符集gbk)
     |
| character_set_database   | gbk(数据库的字符集gbk)
     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary
     |
| character_set_results    | gbk（返回的结果字符集位gbk）
     |
| character_set_server     | gbk（服务器的字符集gbk）
     |
| character_set_system     | utf8
     |
| character_sets_dir       | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\chars
ets\ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------
-----+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)