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6.Querying WMI and 7.Working with Active Directory

更新时间：2022-02-24 08:58:31

6.##################################################################################################Querying WMI
Get-WmiObject win32_bios
Get-WmiObject win32_computersystem
Get-WmiObject win32_computersystem | Format-List name,model, manufacturer
Get-WmiObject win32_computersystem | Format-List *
Get-WmiObject win32_computersystem | Format-List [a-z]*
Get-WmiObject win32_computersystem | Format-List D*
Get-WmiObject win32_computersystem | Format-List d*,t*
Get-Alias | where {$_.definition -eq 'Get-WmiObject'}

gwmi win32_logicaldisk
gwmi win32_logicaldisk -filter drivetype=3
$objDisk
$objDisk=Get-WmiObject win32_logicaldisk -filter drivetype=3
$objDisk=Get-WmiObject win32_logicaldisk -filter drivetype=3 |
   Measure-Object -property freespace -Minimum -Maximum
$objDisk
$objDisk=Get-WmiObject win32_logicaldisk -filter drivetype=3 |
   Measure-Object -property freespace  -Minimum -Maximum |
   Select-Object -Property property, maximum, minimum
$objDisk=Get-WmiObject win32_logicaldisk -filter drivetype=3 |
   Measure-Object -property freespace  -Minimum -Maximum |
   Select-Object -Property property, maximum, minimum |
   Format-Table -autosize

$strComputer = "."
$wmiNS = "root/cimv2"
$wmiQuery = "Select * from win32_share"

$objWMIServices = Get-WmiObject -computer $strComputer -namespace $wmiNS `
   -query $wmiQuery
 $objWMIServices | Format-List *

Win32_Share Properties
 Data Type
 Property
 Meaning
 
Boolean
 AllowMaximum
 Allow maximum number of connections? True or false
 
string
 Caption
 Short, one-line description
 
string
 Description
 Description
 
datetime
 InstallDate
 When the share was created (optional)
 
uint32
 MaximumAllowed
 Number of concurrent connections allowed Only valid when AllowMaximum is set to false
 
string
 Name
 Share name
 
string
 Path
 Physical path to the share
 
string
 Status
 Current status of the share: degraded, OK, or failed
 
uint32
 Type
 Type of resource shared: disk, file, printer, etc.
 
$strComputer = "."
$wmiNS = "root/cimv2"
$wmiQuery = "Select name from win32_Share"
$objWMIServices = Get-WmiObject -computer $strComputer -namespace $wmiNS `
   -query $wmiQuery
$objWMIServices | Sort-Object -property name | Format-List -property name

$strComputer = "."
$wmiNS = "root/cimv2"
$wmiQuery = "Select name,path, AllowMaximum from win32_share"
$objWMIServices = Get-WmiObject -computer $strComputer -namespace $wmiNS `
   -query $wmiQuery
$objWMIServices | Sort-Object -property name |
Format-List -property name,path,allowmaximum

Get-Process
Get-Process -name explorer
Get-WmiObject win32_process |more
Get-WmiObject win32_process -Filter "name='explorer.exe'"
Get-WmiObject win32_process -Filter "name='explorer.exe'" |
Format-Table handlecount,quotaNonPagedPoolUsage, PeakVirtualSize,
WorkingSetSize, VirtualSize, UserModeTime,KernelModeTime,
ProcessID, Name

gwmi win32_logicaldisk >c:/mytest/DiskInfo.txt
gwmi win32_operatingsystem >c:/mytest/OSinfo.txt
gwmi win32_ComputerSystem >>c:/mytest/OSinfo.txt; `
notepad c:/mytest/OSinfo.txt

$strComputer = "."
$wmiNS = "root/cimv2"
$wmiQuery = "Select * from win32_share where name='c$'"
$objWMIServices = Get-WmiObject -computer $strComputer -namespace $wmiNS -query $wmiQuery
$objWMIServices | Format-List *

$strComputer = "."
$wmiClass = "win32_Share"
$wmiFilter = "name='c$'"
$objWMIServices = Get-WmiObject -computer $strComputer `
-class $wmiClass -filter $wmiFilter
$objWMIServices | Format-List *

$strComputer = "."
$wmiNS = "root/cimv2"
$wmiQuery = "Select name from win32_Share where name > 'd'"
$objWMIServices = Get-WmiObject -computer $strComputer `
   -namespace $wmiNS -query $wmiQuery
   $objWMIServices | Sort-Object -property name |
   Format-List -property name

$strComputer = "."
$wmiNS = "root/cimv2"
$wmiQuery = "Select startName, name from win32_service"
$objWMIServices = Get-WmiObject -computer $strComputer `
-namespace $wmiNS -query $wmiQuery
$objWMIServices | Sort-Object startName, name |
Format-List name, startName

$strFile = "c:/mytest/ServiceAccounts.txt"
New-Variable -name constASCII -value "ASCII" `
-option constant
Format-List name, startName |
Out-File -filepath $strFile -encoding $constASCII `
-append -noClobber

$strComputer = "."
$wmiNS = "root/cimv2"
$strWhere = "'ipc$'"
$wmiQuery = "Select * from win32_Share where name="+$strWhere
"Properties of Share named: " + $strWhere
$objWMIServices = Get-WmiObject -computer $strComputer `
   -namespace $wmiNS -query $wmiQuery
   $objWMIServices |
   Format-List -property [a-z]*

$strComputer = "."
$wmiNS = "root/cimv2"
$wminQuery="Select * from win32_product"
Write-Host "Counting Installed Products. This" `
   "may take a little while. " -foregroundColor blue `n
$objWMIServices = Get-WmiObject -computer $strComputer `
-namespace $wmiNS -query $wmiQuery
for ($i=1; $i -le $objWMIServices.count;$i++)
{Write-Host "//" -noNewLine -foregroundColor red}
Write-Host `n`n "There are " $objWMIServices.count `
   " products installed."

$dteStart = Get-Date
$dteEnd = Get-Date
$dteDiff = New-TimeSpan $dteStart $dteEnd
Write-Host "It took " $dteDiff.totalSeconds " Seconds" `
   " for this script to complete"

gwmi win32_environment
gwmi win32_environment | Format-List *
gwmi win32_environment | Format-Table name, variableValue, userName
gwmi win32_environment | Format-Table name, variableValue
gwmi win32_environment | Format-Table name, variableValue -AutoSize
Set-Location env:
Get-ChildItem
Set-Location c:/
Get-Alias | where {$_.definition -eq "Get-History"}
Get-Alias | where {$_.definition -eq "Invoke-History"}
ghy
sl env:;gci
sl c:/
sl env:;gci;sl c:/
gwmi win32_environment | Format-Table name, variableValue -AutoSize
Ihy 169

7.##################################################################################################Working with Active Directory
ADSI-Supported Providers
 Provider
 Purpose
WinNT
 To communicate with Windows NT 4.0 Primary Domain Controllers (PDCs) and Backup Domain Controllers (BDCs), and with local account databases for Windows 2000 and newer workstations and servers
LDAP
 To communicate with LDAP servers, including an Exchange 5.x directory and Windows 2000 Server or Windows Server 2003 Active Directory
NDS
 To communicate with Novell Directory Services servers
NWCOMPAT
 To communicate with Novell NetWare 3.x servers

$strCLass = "organizationalUnit"
$StrOUName = "ou=MyTestOU"
$objADSI = [ADSI]"LDAP://dc=nwtraders,dc=msft"
$objOU = $objADSI.create($strCLass, $StrOUName)
$objOU.setInfo()

Common Relative Distinguished Name Attribute Types
 Attribute
 Description
DC
 Domain Component
CN
 Common Name
OU
 Organizational Unit
O
 Organization Name
Street
 Street Address
C
 Country Name
UID
 User ID

Accelerator
 Variable
 Provider
 ADsPath
 
[ADSI]
 $objDomain
 LDAP://
 OU=hr, dc=a, dc=com
 

$a = New-Object foo #creates an error
$error.count
$error[0].CategoryInfo
$error[0].ErrorDetails
$error[0].Exception
$error[0].FullyQualifiedErrorId
$error[0].InvocationInfo
$error[0].TargetObject
$b = New-Object bar
for ($i = 0 ; $error.count ; $i++)
{$error[$i].CategoryInfo
   $error[$i].ErrorDetails
   $error[$i].Exception
   $error[$i].FullyQualifiedErrorId
   $error[$i].InvocationInfo
   $error[$i].TargetObject}
$erroractionpreference = "SilentlyContinue"
"There are currently " + $error.count + "errors"
$Error.clear()
#$b = New-Object bar
if ($error.count -eq 1)
    {"There is currently 1 error"}
else
    {"There are currently " + $error.count + "errors"}


$erroractionpreference = "SilentlyContinue"
$error.clear()
if ($error.count -ne 0)
{"An error occurred during the operation. Details follow:"
   $error[0].categoryInfo
   $error[0].invocationinfo
   $error[0].tostring()}
$StrOUName = "ou=MyTestOU1"

$strCLass = "User"
$StrName = "CN=MyNewUser"
$objADSI = [ADSI]"LDAP://ou=myTestOU,dc=nwtraders,dc=msft"
$objUser = $objADSI.create($strCLass, $StrName)
$objUser.Put("sAMAccountName", "MyNewUser")
$objUser.setInfo()

$intGroupType = 2
$strGroup = "Group"
$objGroup = $objADSI.create($strCLass, $StrName)
$objGroup.setInfo()
$ObjGroup.put("GroupType",$intGroupType)

$strCLass = "computer"
$StrName = "CN=MyComputer"
$objComputer = $objADSI.create($strCLass, $StrName)
$objComputer.put("sAMAccountName", "MyComputer")
$objComputer.setInfo()
$objComputer.put("UserAccountControl",4128)
$objComputer.setinfo()

User Account Control Values
 Ads Constant
 Value
 
ADS_UF_SCRIPT
 0X0001
 
ADS_UF_ACCOUNTDISABLE
 0X0002
 
ADS_UF_HOMEDIR_REQUIRED
 0X0008
 
ADS_UF_LOCKOUT
 0X0010
 
ADS_UF_PASSWD_NOTREQD
 0X0020
 
ADS_UF_PASSWD_CANT_CHANGE
 0X0040
 
ADS_UF_ENCRYPTED_TEXT_PASSWORD_ALLOWED
 0X0080
 
ADS_UF_TEMP_DUPLICATE_ACCOUNT
 0X0100
 
ADS_UF_NORMAL_ACCOUNT
 0X0200
 
ADS_UF_INTERDOMAIN_TRUST_ACCOUNT
 0X0800
 
ADS_UF_WORKSTATION_TRUST_ACCOUNT
 0X1000
 
ADS_UF_SERVER_TRUST_ACCOUNT
 0X2000
 
ADS_UF_DONT_EXPIRE_PASSWD
 0X10000
 
ADS_UF_MNS_LOGON_ACCOUNT
 0X20000
 
ADS_UF_SMARTCARD_REQUIRED
 0X40000
 
ADS_UF_TRUSTED_FOR_DELEGATION
 0X80000
 
ADS_UF_NOT_DELEGATED
 0X100000
 
ADS_UF_USE_DES_KEY_ONLY
 0x200000
 
ADS_UF_DONT_REQUIRE_PREAUTH
 0x400000
 
ADS_UF_PASSWORD_EXPIRED
 0x800000
 
ADS_UF_TRUSTED_TO_AUTHENTICATE_FOR_DELEGATION
 0x1000000
 

$objUser = [ADSI]"LDAP://cn=MyNewUser,ou=myTestOU,dc=nwtraders,dc=msft"
$objUser.put("SamaccountName", "myNewUser")
$objUser.put("givenName", "My")
$objUser.Put("initials", "N.")
$objUser.Put("sn", "User")
$objUser.Put("DisplayName", "My New User")
$objUser.Put("description" , "simple new user")
$objUser.Put("physicalDeliveryOfficeName", "RQ2")
$objUser.Put("telephoneNumber", "999-222-1111")
$objUser.Put("mail", "mnu@hotmail.com")
$objUser.Put("wwwHomePage", "http://www.mnu.msn.com")
$objUser.setInfo()

Address Page Mappings
 Active Directory Users and Computers Label
 Active Directory Attribute Name
 
Street
 streetAddress
 
P.O. Box
 postOfficeBox
 
City
 l (Note that this is lowercase L.)
 
State/Province
 st
 
Zip/Postal Code
 postalCode
 
Country/Region
 c,co,countryCode
 
$objUser = [ADSI]"LDAP://cn=MyNewUser,ou=myTestOU,dc=nwtraders,dc=msft"
$objUser.put("streetAddress", "123 main st")
$objUser.put("postOfficeBox", "po box 12")
$objUser.put("l", "Bedrock")
$objUser.put("st", "Arkansas")
$objUser.put("postalCode" , "12345")
$objUser.put("c", "US")
$objUser.put("co", "United States")
$objUser.put("countryCode", "840")
$objUser.setInfo()

ISO 3166-1 Country Codes
 Country Code
 Country Name
 
AF
 AFGHANISTAN
 
AU
 AUSTRALIA
 
EG
 EGYPT
 
LV
 LATVIA
 
ES
 SPAIN
 
US
 UNITED STATES
 
$objUser.put("profilePath", "//London/profiles/myNewUser")
$objUser.put("scriptPath", "logon.vbs")
$objUser.put("homeDirectory", "//london/users/myNewUser")
$objUser.put("homeDrive", "H:")

$objUser.Put("homePhone", "(215)788-4312")
$objUser.Put("pager", "(215)788-0112")
$objUser.Put("mobile", "(715)654-2341")
$objUser.Put("facsimileTelephoneNumber", "(215)788-3456")
$objUser.Put("ipPhone", "192.168.6.112")
$objUser.Put("info", "All contact information is confidential," `
 + "and is for official use only.")

$aryNames = "CN=MyBoss","CN=MyDirect1","CN=MyDirect2"
foreach($StrName in $aryNames)
{
  $objUser = $objADSI.create($strCLass, $StrName)
  $objUser.setInfo()
}
$strDomain = "dc=nwtraders,dc=msft"
$strOU = "ou=myTestOU"
$strUser = "cn=MyNewUser"
$strManager = "cn=myBoss"
$objUser = [ADSI]"LDAP://$strUser,$strOU,$strDomain"
$objUser.put("title", "Mid-Level Manager")
$objUser.put("department", "sales")
$objUser.put("company", "North Wind Traders")
$objUser.put("manager", "$strManager,$strou,$strDomain")

$objDomain = [ADSI]($provider + $ou + $domain)
$objDomain.Delete $oClass, $oCn + $oUname
$objADSI = [ADSI]"LDAP://ou=myTestOU,dc=nwtraders,dc=msft"
$objUser = $objADSI.delete($strCLass, $StrName)

strCLass = "User"
$StrName = "CN=MyNewUser"
$objADSI = [ADSI]"LDAP://ou=myTestOU,dc=nwtraders,dc=msft"
$objUser = $objADSI.delete($strCLass, $StrName)

$aryText = Get-Content -Path "c:/labs/ch7/stepbystep.txt"
forEach ($aryElement in $aryText)
{
$strCLass = "organizationalUnit"
$StrOUName = $aryElement
$objADSI = [ADSI]"LDAP://dc=nwtraders,dc=msft"
$objOU = $objADSI.create($strCLass, $StrOUName)
$objOU.setInfo()
}

$aryText = Get-Content -Path "c:/labs/ch7/OneStepFurther.txt"
$strCLass = "User"
$intUsers = 9
$strName = "cn=tempUser"
$objADSI = [ADSI]"LDAP://ou=myTestOU,dc=nwtraders,dc=msft"
for ($i=1; $i -le $intUsers; $i++)
{
}
$objUser = $objADSI.create($strCLass, $StrName+$i)
$objUser.setInfo()
$objUser.put("streetAddress", $aryText[0])
$objUser.put("postOfficeBox", $aryText[1])
$objUser.put("l", $aryText[2])
$objUser.put("st", $aryText[3])
$objUser.put("postalCode" , $aryText[4])
$objUser.put("c", $aryText[5])
$objUser.put("co", $aryText[6])
$objUser.put("countryCode", $aryText[7])
$objUser.Put("facsimileTelephoneNumber", $aryText[8])
$objUser.Put("info", $aryText[9])
$objUser.setInfo()

$objUser.setInfo()
$objUser.put("streetAddress", $aryText[0])
$objUser.put("postOfficeBox", $aryText[1])
$objUser.put("l", $aryText[2])
$objUser.put("st", $aryText[3])
$objUser.put("postalCode" , $aryText[4])
$objUser.put("c", $aryText[5])
$objUser.put("co", $aryText[6])
$objUser.put("countryCode", $aryText[7])
$objUser.Put("facsimileTelephoneNumber", $aryText[8])
$objUser.Put("info", $aryText[9])
$objUser.setInfo()
$objUser = $objADSI.Delete($strCLass, $StrName+$i)

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