本文环境:   
主库：CentOS6.7 x64 192.168.0.65 mysql-5.6.29    
备库：CentOS6.7 x64 192.168.0.66 mysql-5.6.29

一、配置Mysql5.6 GTID主从（本节配置适合主从都是空库的情况）

1. mysql主服务器配置

说明: 基于GTID的主从复制需要在配置文件中添加如下内容。

# vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]   
binlog-format                = ROW    
log-bin                      = master-bin    
log-bin-index                = master-bin.index    
log-slave-updates            = true    
gtid-mode                    = on    
enforce-gtid-consistency     = true    
master-info-repository       = TABLE    
relay-log-info-repository    = TABLE    
sync-master-info             = 1    
slave-parallel-workers       = 2    
binlog-checksum              = CRC32    
master-verify-checksum       = 1    
slave-sql-verify-checksum    = 1    
binlog-rows-query-log_events = 1    
report-host                  = 192.168.1.120    
server-id                    = 1

重启数据库:    
# service mysqld restart

查看gtid信息:    
mysql> show global variables like '%GTID%';  
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------+    
| Variable_name                   | Value                                  |    
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------+    
| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery     | OFF                                    |    
| enforce_gtid_consistency        | ON                                     |    
| gtid_executed                   |                                        |    
| gtid_mode                       | ON                                     |    
| gtid_owned                      |                                        |    
| gtid_purged                     |                                        |    
| simplified_binlog_gtid_recovery | OFF                                    |    
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------+

2. 主服务器配置同步复制帐号

grant replication slave on *.* to 'repl'@'%' identified by '123456';   
flush privileges;

3. mysql从服务器配置

说明: 默认只要server-id不相同即可。

# vi /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]   
binlog-format                = ROW    
log-bin                      = mysql-bin    
relay-log                    = slave-relay-bin    
relay-log-index              = slave-relay-bin.index    
log-slave-updates            = true    
gtid-mode                    = on    
enforce-gtid-consistency     = true    
master-info-repository       = TABLE    
relay-log-info-repository    = TABLE    
sync-master-info             = 1    
slave-parallel-workers       = 2    
binlog-checksum              = CRC32    
master-verify-checksum       = 1    
slave-sql-verify-checksum    = 1    
binlog-rows-query-log_events = 1    
report-host                  = 192.168.1.121    
server-id                    = 11

重启数据库:    
# service mysqld restart

查看gtid状态:    
mysql> show global variables like '%GTID%';  
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------+    
| Variable_name                   | Value                                  |    
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------+    
| binlog_gtid_simple_recovery     | OFF                                    |    
| enforce_gtid_consistency        | ON                                     |    
| gtid_executed                   |                                        |    
| gtid_mode                       | ON                                     |    
| gtid_owned                      |                                        |    
| gtid_purged                     |                                        |    
| simplified_binlog_gtid_recovery | OFF                                    |    
+---------------------------------+----------------------------------------+    
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

 

4. 连接主Mysql,配置主从

(1) 连接主数据库

mysql>   
CHANGE MASTER TO    
MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.65',    
MASTER_PORT=3306,    
MASTER_USER='repl',    
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',    
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;

(2) 启动从同步进程

mysql> start slave;   
mysql> show slave status\G;    
*************************** 1. row ***************************    
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event    
                  Master_Host: 192.168.0.65    
                  Master_User: repl    
                  Master_Port: 3306    
                Connect_Retry: 60    
              Master_Log_File: master-bin.000007    
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 290    
               Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000002    
                Relay_Log_Pos: 502    
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000007    
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes       
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes    
              Replicate_Do_DB:     
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:     
           Replicate_Do_Table:     
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:     
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:     
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: mysql.%    
                   Last_Errno: 0    
                   Last_Error:     
                 Skip_Counter: 0    
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 290    
              Relay_Log_Space: 706    
              Until_Condition: None    
               Until_Log_File:     
                Until_Log_Pos: 0    
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No    
           Master_SSL_CA_File:     
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:     
              Master_SSL_Cert:     
            Master_SSL_Cipher:     
               Master_SSL_Key:     
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0    
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No    
                Last_IO_Errno: 0    
                Last_IO_Error:     
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0    
               Last_SQL_Error:     
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:     
             Master_Server_Id: 1    
                  Master_UUID: c8bb22a1-024e-11e6-a1e8-000c29225fa0    
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info    
                    SQL_Delay: 0    
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL    
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it    
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400    
                  Master_Bind:     
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:     
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:     
               Master_SSL_Crl:     
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:     
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:     
            Executed_Gtid_Set:     
                Auto_Position: 1    
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:    
No query specified

mysql>

#查看如下两个参数为YES，说明从库运行正常。   
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes    
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

5. 验证同步情况

(1) 主数据库创建一个数据库

mysql> create database abc;   
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> show master status\G;   
*************************** 1. row ***************************    
             File: master-bin.000007    
         Position: 290    
     Binlog_Do_DB:     
Binlog_Ignore_DB:     
Executed_Gtid_Set: c8bb22a1-024e-11e6-a1e8-000c29225fa0:1    
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:    
No query specified

mysql>

(2) 从数据库查看同步情况

mysql> show databases;   
+--------------------+    
| Database           |    
+--------------------+    
| information_schema |    
| abc                |    
| mydb               |    
| mysql              |    
| performance_schema |    
+--------------------+    
5 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G;   
*************************** 1. row ***************************    
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event    
                  Master_Host: 192.168.0.65    
                  Master_User: repl    
                  Master_Port: 3306    
                Connect_Retry: 60    
              Master_Log_File: master-bin.000007    
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 290    
               Relay_Log_File: slave-relay-bin.000002    
                Relay_Log_Pos: 502    
        Relay_Master_Log_File: master-bin.000007    
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes    
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes    
              Replicate_Do_DB:     
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:     
           Replicate_Do_Table:     
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:     
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:     
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: mysql.%    
                   Last_Errno: 0    
                   Last_Error:     
                 Skip_Counter: 0    
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 290    
              Relay_Log_Space: 706    
              Until_Condition: None    
               Until_Log_File:     
                Until_Log_Pos: 0    
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No    
           Master_SSL_CA_File:     
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:     
              Master_SSL_Cert:     
            Master_SSL_Cipher:     
               Master_SSL_Key:     
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0    
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No    
                Last_IO_Errno: 0    
                Last_IO_Error:     
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0    
               Last_SQL_Error:     
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:     
             Master_Server_Id: 1    
                  Master_UUID: c8bb22a1-024e-11e6-a1e8-000c29225fa0    
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info    
                    SQL_Delay: 0    
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL    
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it    
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400    
                  Master_Bind:     
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:     
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:     
               Master_SSL_Crl:     
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:     
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set: c8bb22a1-024e-11e6-a1e8-000c29225fa0:1    
            Executed_Gtid_Set: c8bb22a1-024e-11e6-a1e8-000c29225fa0:1    
                Auto_Position: 1    
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:    
No query specified    
mysql>

二、 配置Mysql5.6 GTID主从 （主从异步模式转成GTID模式）方式二

mysql-5.6主从同步配置示例 http://koumm.blog.51cto.com/703525/1764093

原环境本身已经是异步主从同步模式。

1，从主库添加如上GTID相关配置文件，重启数据库后，主库锁表，备份数据库。

mysql> flush tables with read lock;

2，从库操重新配置从库，清除掉原来的主库配置信息, 或者采用导入数据库。

mysql> stop slave;   
mysql> reset slave;

3，在保证数据同步的情况下从库重新连接主库同步。

mysql>   
CHANGE MASTER TO    
MASTER_HOST='192.168.0.65',    
MASTER_PORT=3306,    
MASTER_USER='repl',    
MASTER_PASSWORD='123456',    
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;

4，主库

mysql> unlock tables;

5，从库启动并测试同步情况

三、小结

可以在GTID的基础上配置半自动同步复制,可以查看相关文档，实际环境中需要对GTID相当了解后再用于生产环境。

本文出自 “koumm的linux技术博客” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://koumm.blog.51cto.com/703525/1767786