这是不可能的.您可以使用 INSTEAD OF TRIGGER

This is not possible. You can solve this with an INSTEAD OF TRIGGER

create table locations 
(
    id int identity(1, 1),
    name varchar(255) not null,
    parent_id int,

    constraint pk__locations
        primary key clustered (id)

)
GO

INSERT INTO locations(name,parent_id)  VALUES
 ('world',null)
,('Europe',1)
,('Asia',1)
,('France',2)
,('Paris',4)
,('Lyon',4);
GO

--此触发器将使用递归 CTE 来获取您要删除的所有 ID 之后的所有 ID.这些 ID 被删除.

--This trigger will use a recursive CTE to get all IDs following all ids you are deleting. These IDs are deleted.

CREATE TRIGGER dbo.DeleteCascadeLocations ON locations
INSTEAD OF DELETE 
AS
BEGIN
    WITH recCTE AS
    (
        SELECT id,parent_id
        FROM deleted

        UNION ALL

        SELECT nxt.id,nxt.parent_id
        FROM recCTE AS prv
        INNER JOIN locations AS nxt ON nxt.parent_id=prv.id
    )
    DELETE FROM locations WHERE id IN(SELECT id FROM recCTE);
END
GO

--在这里测试，尝试使用不同的 ID.你也可以试试 WHERE id IN(4,3)...

--Test it here, try with different IDs. You can try WHERE id IN(4,3) also...

SELECT * FROM locations;

DELETE FROM locations WHERE id=4;

SELECT * FROM locations
GO

--清理(仔细处理真实数据！)

--Clean-Up (Carefull with real data!)

if exists(select 1 from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES where TABLE_NAME='locations')
---DROP TABLE locations;