我添加了

require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)

到 spec_helper.rb 文件，这解决了错误.我不确定为什么 spec_helper 需要这个，但我认为这与 Rails 定位文件相对于另一个文件的路径的能力有关，我怀疑这会扰乱 RSpec 找到合适的控制器、模型、等

to the spec_helper.rb file and this resolved the error. I'm not sure why the spec_helper needs this, but I think it has something to do with Rails' ability to locate a file's path relative to another file, and I suspect this was messing up RSpec's ability to find the appropriate controllers, models, etc.

我做了一些研究，发现以前我们在 RSpec 2.14 上，现在在 3.2 上，我认为 rspec 使用这两个文件的方式可能存在一些差异.在我们旧的 spec_helper 文件中，我们有这一行:

I did some research and found that previously we were on RSpec 2.14 and we're now on 3.2, and I think there may be some differences in the way rspec uses these two files. In our old spec_helper file we had this line:

require File.expand_path("../../config/environment", __FILE__)