分享程序员开发的那些事...
更新时间：2022-09-21 12:40:05
本文介绍基础的Linux Shell命令和案例：
cd / : entry root directory
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tangym@ubuntu:/etc$ cd /
tangym@ubuntu:/$ pwd
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cd ~ : entry user root directory
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tangym@ubuntu:/$ cd ~
tangym@ubuntu:~$ pwd
/home/tangym |
ls : list all files.
pwd : show current directory
cd /home : entry home directory
cd .. : entry the last parent directory
cat fstab: show the text file content.
cat fs， then press <Tab>. Shell will fill the whole file name automtically.
ls m* : list all the file name starts with: m
ls magi? : list all the file name starts with : magi and following one character.
Like: magic
ls m*[od] : list all starts with : m, end with: o or d.
ls -l : show all file's properties:
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tangym@ubuntu:~$ ls -l
total 204112drwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Desktopdrwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Documentsdrwxr-xr-x 3 tangym tangym 4096 May 14 08:53 Downloads-rw-r--r-- 1 tangym tangym 8445 May 29 2015 examples.desktop-rw-rw-r-- 1 tangym tangym 10240 Jan 20 2011 ez_setup.pydrwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Musicdrwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Picturesdrwxr-xr-x 2 tangym tangym 4096 May 29 2015 Public |
dir : show all files
vdir: show all files and its properties
cat -n .bashrc: show file content with rowcount
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tangym@ubuntu:~$ cat -n .bashrc
1 # ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.
2 # see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)
3 # for examples
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more .bashrc : show file content in separate page.
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tangym@ubuntu:~$ more .bashrc
# ~/.bashrc: executed by bash(1) for non-login shells.# see /usr/share/doc/bash/examples/startup-files (in the package bash-doc)# for examples |
head -n 5 .bashrc : show first 5 row content
tail -n 5 .bashrc : show last 5 row content.
grep PS1 .bashrc : find all row content with: PS1
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tangym@ubuntu:~$ grep PS1 .bashrc
[ -z "$PS1" ] && return
PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\[\033[01;32m\]\u@\h\[\033[00m\]:\[\033[01;34m\]\w\[\033[00m\]\$ '
PS1='${debian_chroot:+($debian_chroot)}\u@\h:\w\$ '
PS1="\[\e]0;${debian_chroot:+($debian_chro
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find ./ -name *bash* : Find file name with: bash in current directory.
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tangym@ubuntu:~$ find ./ -name *bash*
./.bash_history./.bashrc./.bash_logout./redis-py-master/vagrant/.bash_profile
./Downloads/redis-py-master/vagrant/.bash_profile
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tangym@ubuntu:~$ locate bash // similar to find . find file/directory with :back
tangym@ubuntu:~$ sudo updatedb //force update local db for Locate command
tangym@ubuntu:~$ firefox www.baidu.com : open firefox webbrowser
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whereis find : get command's notebook
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tangym@ubuntu:~$ whereis find : get notebook
find: /usr/bin/find /usr/bin/X11/find /usr/share/man/man1/find.1.gz
tangym@ubuntu:~$ whereis -b find ---------------get executable programfind: /usr/bin/find /usr/bin/X11/find
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which ls: find where is ls command
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tangym@ubuntu:~$ which ls
/bin/ls |
who
whoami
uname
uname -a
uname -r : kernel version
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tangym@ubuntu:~$ who
tangym tty7 2016-05-23 23:50tangym pts/1 2016-05-23 23:50 (:0)
tangym pts/2 2016-05-23 23:58 (:0)
tangym pts/3 2016-05-23 23:59 (:0)
tangym pts/4 2016-05-24 19:49 (:0)
tangym@ubuntu:~$ who am i
tangym pts/4 2016-05-24 19:49 (:0)
tangym@ubuntu:~$ whoami
tangymtangym@ubuntu:~$ uname
Linuxtangym@ubuntu:~$ uname -a
Linux ubuntu 3.2.0-29-generic #46-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jul 27 17:03:23 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
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man find : get the find command decription
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tangym@ubuntu:~$ man find
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whatis ls: get the command common usage.
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tangym@ubuntu:~$ whatis ls
ls (1) - list directory contents
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