实验26: 基于链路的OSPF 简单口令认证
1.实验目的
通过本实验可以掌握：
（1）OSPF 认证的类型和意义
（2）基于链路的OSPF 简单口令认证的配置和调试
2.实验拓扑
本实验的拓扑结构如图所示。
3.实验步骤
配置如下：
r0(config-if)#int lo 1
*Mar 1 00:02:25.135: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up
r0(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
r0(config-if)#do sh ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Serial0/0 172.16.1.1 YES manual administratively down down
Serial0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/3 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback1 1.1.1.1 YES manual up up
r0(config)#int s0/0
r0(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
r0(config-if)#no sh
r0(config-if)#
*Mar 1 00:04:56.159: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
*Mar 1 00:04:57.159: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0/0, changed state to up
r0(config-if)#exit
r0(config)#router ospf 1
r0(config-router)#net 1.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r0(config-router)#net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r0(config-router)#area 0 authen
r0(config-router)#area 0 authentication /链路启用简单口令认证
r0(config-router)#exit
r0(config)#int s0/0
r0(config-if)#ip ospf aut
r0(config-if)#ip ospf authentication-key cisco//配置认证密码
r0(config-if)#exit
r0(config)#
*Mar 1 00:09:04.015: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
r0(config)#do sh ip ospf int
Serial0/0 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 172.16.1.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type POINT_TO_POINT, Cost: 64
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State POINT_TO_POINT,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5
oob-resync timeout 40
Hello due in 00:00:08
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Index 2/2, flood queue length 0
Next 0x0(0)/0x0(0)
Last flood scan length is 1, maximum is 1
Last flood scan time is 0 msec, maximum is 0 msec
Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1
Adjacent with neighbor 2.2.2.2
Suppress hello for 0 neighbor(s)
Simple password authentication enabled以上输出最后一行信息表明该接口启用了简单口令认证。
Loopback1 is up, line protocol is up
Internet Address 1.1.1.1/24, Area 0
Process ID 1, Router ID 1.1.1.1, Network Type LOOPBACK, Cost: 1
Loopback interface is treated as a stub Host
r0(config)#do sh ip ospf
Routing Process "ospf 1" with ID 1.1.1.1
Start time: 00:05:18.352, Time elapsed: 00:04:33.244
Supports only single TOS(TOS0) routes
Supports opaque LSA
Supports Link-local Signaling (LLS)
Supports area transit capability
Router is not originating router-LSAs with maximum metric
Initial SPF schedule delay 5000 msecs
Minimum hold time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Maximum wait time between two consecutive SPFs 10000 msecs
Incremental-SPF disabled
Minimum LSA interval 5 secs
Minimum LSA arrival 1000 msecs
LSA group pacing timer 240 secs
Interface flood pacing timer 33 msecs
Retransmission pacing timer 66 msecs
Number of external LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of opaque AS LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge external and opaque AS LSA 0
Number of areas in this router is 1. 1 normal 0 stub 0 nssa
Number of areas transit capable is 0
External flood list length 0
Area BACKBONE(0)
Number of interfaces in this area is 2 (1 loopback)
Area has simple password authentication
SPF algorithm last executed 00:00:46.044 ago
SPF algorithm executed 3 times
Area ranges are
Number of LSA 2. Checksum Sum 0x00F404
Number of opaque link LSA 0. Checksum Sum 0x000000
Number of DCbitless LSA 0
Number of indication LSA 0
Number of DoNotAge LSA 0
Flood list length 0
、
r0(config)#router ospf 1
r0(config-router)#no area 0 au
r0(config-router)#no area 0 authentication如果R1 的s0/0/0 接口启动简单口令认证，R2 的s0/0/0 接口没有启动认证，则
*Mar 1 00:11:13.811: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on Serial0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Dead timer expired
r0(config-router)#do ping 2.2.2.2
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
.....
Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)
r0(config-router)#
r1(config)#int loo 1
r1(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#int s0/0
r1(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.2 255.255.255.0
r1(config-if)#no sh
r1(config-if)#exit
r1(config)#do sh ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
Serial0/0 172.16.1.2 YES manual up up
Serial0/1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Serial0/3 unassigned YES unset administratively down down
Loopback1 2.2.2.2 YES manual up up
r1(config)#router ospf 1
r1(config-router)#net 2.2.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r1(config-router)#net 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
r1(config-router)#area 0 authentication
r1(config-router)#exit
r1(config)#int s0/0
r1(config-if)#ip ospf authentication-key cisco
r1(config-if)#exit
r1(config)#do ping 172.16
*Mar 1 00:09:03.575: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 1.1.1.1 on Serial0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done
r1(config)#do ping 172.16.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/47/80 ms
r1(config)#do ping 1.1.1.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1.1.1.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/48/76 ms
r1(config)#
*Mar 1 00:11:07.231: %OSPF-5-ADJCHG: Process 1, Nbr 1.1.1.1 on Serial0/0 from FULL to DOWN, Neighbor Down: Dead timer expired
r1(config)#
本文转自gauyanm 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/gauyanm/237754，如需转载请自行联系原作者
