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maven pom.xml详解

更新时间：2022-10-01 20:05:23

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><!--maven2.0必须是这样写，现在是maven2唯一支持的版本-->
<!-- The Basics -->
<!--
<!--例子： [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<dependency>
     <groupId>junit</groupId>
     <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
     <version>4.0</version>
     <type>jar</type>
     <scope>test</scope>
     <optional>true</optional>
   </dependency>
groupId，artifactId和version这个三组合标示依赖的具体工程，而且这个依赖工程必须是maven中心包管理范围内的。如果碰上非开源包，maven支持不了这个包，那么则有三种方法处理：1.本地安装这个插件install plugin例如：
mvn install:install-file -Dfile=non-maven-proj.jar -DgroupId=some.group -DartifactId=non-maven-proj -Dversion=1
2.创建自己的Repositories并且部署这个包，使用类似上面的 [object Object]命令3.设置scope为system，并且指定系统路径
，用于区分从同一个pom编译出来的但是内容不同的同名包，例如同一个工程编译出两个artifact，一个支持jdk1.5一个支持jdk1.4，那么就可以使用这个来命名为jdk15和jdk14来区分，它如果出现在包名中，那么它必须跟在版本号后。还有一种情况是将一个工程的一些次要artifact附到主要artifact中，就可以使用这个来区分，例如一个工程产生source，javadoc，class三种东西，那么就可以使用不同的classifier来分别标识这些东西 [object Object]
，默认为jar，类型，常用如：jar，ejb-client，test-jar，可以设置plugins中的extensions值为true后在增加新类型
，指定classpath，可以为：compile（默认的，compile scope在所有classpaths内有效，这些dependencies将会传播到项目中。provided：指示jdk或者某个容器可以提供他，它只在compilation和test的classpaths有效，而且不会传播的。runtime：指示这个dependency在编译过程是不必要的，但是执行需要，在test和runtime的classpaths有效，在compile的classpaths无效。test：指示这个dependency在一般程序运行是无效的，但是在test的compilation和execution是有效的，system则跟provided类似，但是这种dependency必须人工明确地制定。这种依赖不会在repository中查找。
：只在dependency的scope声明为system的时候才有用除，否则，build的过程将会失败。路径必须是绝对的，所以***使用property来声明机器的特定路径。
：如果工程本身是一个dependency那么就标记为optional，例如X需要A，A需要B，那么X只需要optional的B，则B在X中就是optional声明的了
：如果X需要A，A包含B依赖，那么X可以声明不要B依赖，只要在exclusions中声明exclusion。optional是不会install或者使用B，而exclusion是将B从依赖树中是删除。例如appfuse不想使用hibernate，但是appfuse是集成hibernate的，所以就排除掉：
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<exclusions>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<exclusion>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<groupId>org.appfuse</groupId>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<artifactId>appfuse-hibernate</artifactId>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</exclusion>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</exclusions>-->

<!--Inheritance：如果一个工程是pareent或者aggregation（即mutil-module的）的，那么必须在packaging赋值pom。child工程从parent继承的包括：dependencies，developers and contributors，plugin lists，reports lists，plugin execution with matching ids，plugin configuration-->
 [object Object]<!--参照下面例子：relativePath是可选的，maven会首先搜索这个地址，在搜索本地和远程repositories之前
 [object Object]<parent>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<artifactId>my-parent</artifactId>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<version>2.0</version>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<relativePath>../my-parent</relativePath>
 [object Object]</parent>
-->
 [object Object]<!--用于帮助管理children的dependencies。例如如果parent使用dependencyManagement定义一个dependencyon junit:junit:4.0，那么它的children就可以只引用groupId和artifactId，而version就可以通过parent来设置。好处就是集中管理依赖详情-->
<modules>...</modules><!--对于多模块project，outer-module没有必要考虑inner-module的dependencies，当列出modules的时候。modules的顺序是不重要的，因为maven会自动根据依赖关系来拓扑排序，modules例子：
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<module>my-project<module>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<module>another-project<module>
-->
<properties>...</properties> <!--参照，是一样的-->
[object Object]<!--
默认的目标，必须跟命令行上的参数相同例如jar:jar，或者与时期（parse）相同，例如install
指定build target目标的目录，默认为${basedir}/target，即项目根目录下的target
指定去掉后缀名后的工程名字，例如：默认为用于定义指定filter属性文件位置，例如filter元素赋值filters/filter1.properties，那么这个文件里面就可以定义name=value对，这个name=value对的值就可以在工程pom中通过${name}引用，默认的filter目录是
描述工程中资源的位置
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<resource>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<targetPath>META-INF/plexus</targetPath>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<filtering>false</filtering>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<directory>${basedir}/src/main/plexus</directory>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<includes>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<include>configuration.xml</include>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</includes>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<excludes>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<exclude>**/*.properties</exclude>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</excludes>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</resource>
targetPath：指定build资源到哪个目的目录，默认是base directory
filtering：指定是否将filter文件（即上面说的filters里定义的*.property文件）的变量值在这个resource文件有效，例如上面就指定那些变量值在configuration文件无效
directory：指定属性文件的目录，build的过程需要找到它，并且将其放到targetPath下。默认的directory是
includes：指定包含文件的patterns，符合样式并且在directory目录下的文件将会是包含进project的资源文件
excludes：指定不包含在内的patterns，如果includes与excludes有冲突，那么excludes胜利，那些符合冲突样式的文件还是不会包含进来的
这个模块包含测试资源元素，其内容定义与resources类似。不同的一点是默认的测试资源路径是${basefir}/src/test/resources，测试资源是不部署的。
-->
 [object Object]<!--
<plugin>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<version>2.0</version>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<extensions>false</extensions>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<inherited>true</inherited>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<configuration>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<classifier>test</classifier>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</configuration>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<dependencies>...</dependencies>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<executions>...</executions>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</plugin>

extensions：true or false，决定是否要load这个plugin的extensions
inherited：是否让子pom继承true or false
configuration：通常用于私有不开源的plugin，不能够详细了解plugin的内部工作原理，但使plugin满足需要满足的properties
dependencies：与pom基础的dependencies的结构和功能都相同，只是plugin的dependencies用于plugin，而pom的dependencies用于本身这个工程，在plugin的dependencies主要用于改变plugin原来的dependencies，例如排除一些用不到的dependency或者修改dependency的版本等，详细请看pom基础的dependencies
executions：plugin也有很多个目标，每个目标具有不同的配置，executions就是设定plugin的目标
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<execution>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<id>echodir</id>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<goals>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<goal>run</goal>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</goals>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<phase>verify</phase>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<inherited>false</inherited>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<configuration>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<tasks>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<echo>Build Dir: ${project.build.directory}</echo>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</tasks>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</configuration>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</execution>
id：标识符
goals：里面列出一系列的goal元素，例如上面的run goal
phase：声明goals执行的时期，例如：verify
inherited：是否传递execution到子pom
configuration：设置execution下列表的goals 的设置，而不是plugin所有goals的设置
-->
 [object Object]<!--
reporting包含site生成阶段的一些元素，某些maven [object Object]plugin可以生成reports并且在repoting下配置。例如javadoc，maven site等，在reporting下配置reprot plugin的方法与build几乎一样，最不同的是：build的plug-in goals在executions下设置，而reporting的configures goals在reportset。更微妙的不同是reporting下的plugin configuration works as a build plugin configuration，但是相反是不对的（即build plugin configuration does not affect a reporting plugin）。
是否排除site generator默认产生的reports
，默认的dir变成： [object Object]
设置execution goals，相当于build里面的executions。不同的是不能够bind a report to another phase，只能够是site
<reporting>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<plugins>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<plugin>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]...
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<reportSets>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<reportSet>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<id>sunlink</id>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<reports>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<report>javadoc</report>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</reports>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<inherited>true</inherited>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<configuration>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<links>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<link>http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/api/</link>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</links>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</configuration>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</reportSet>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</reportSets>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</plugin>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</plugins>
 [object Object]</reporting>
reporting里面的厄reportSets和build里面的executions的作用都是控制pom的不同粒度去控制build的过程，我们不单要配置plugins，还要配置那些plugins单独的goals。
-->

project的描述
工程的初始时间
<licenses>
 [object Object]<license>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<name>Apache 2</name>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<url>http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt</url>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<distribution>repo</distribution>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<comments>A business-friendly OSS license</comments>
 [object Object]</license>
</licenses>
<!--列出本工程直接的licenses，而不要列出dependencies的licenses，

  • name, url and comments: are self explanatory, and have been encountered before in other capacities. The fourth license element is:

  • distribution: This describes how the project may be legally distributed. The two stated methods are repo (they may be downloaded from a Maven repository) or manual (they must be manually installed).

    -->
    <organization>...</organization>
    <!--
      <organization>
       <name>Codehaus Mojo</name>
       <url>http://mojo.codehaus.org</url>
     </organization>
    很多工程都受到某些组织运行，这里设置基本信息
    -->
    <developers>...</developers>
    <!--例如：一个开发者可以有多个roles，properties是
     <developers>
       <developer>
         <id>eric</id>
         <name>Eric</name>
         <email>eredmond@codehaus.org</email>
         <url>http://eric.propellors.net</url>
         <organization>Codehaus</organization>
         <organizationUrl>http://mojo.codehaus.org</organizationUrl>
         <roles>
           <role>architect</role>
           <role>developer</role>
         </roles>
         <timezone>-6</timezone>
         <properties>
           <picUrl>http://tinyurl.com/prv4t</picUrl>
         </properties>
       </developer>
     </developers>
    -->
    <contributors>...</contributors>
    <!--跟developer差不多，只是contributors是副的工作人员，不过良好工程应该需要更多的contributors而不是developer，例如：
     <contributors>
       <contributor>
         <name>Noelle</name>
         <email>some.name@gmail.com</email>
         <url>http://noellemarie.com</url>
         <organization>Noelle Marie</organization>
         <organizationUrl>http://noellemarie.com</organizationUrl>
         <roles>
           <role>tester</role>
         </roles>
         <timezone>-5</timezone>
         <properties>
           <gtalk>some.name@gmail.com</gtalk>
         </properties>
       </contributor>
     </contributors>
    -->
    <!-- Environment Settings --> <issueManagement>...</issueManagement>
     <!--定义defect tracking system缺陷跟踪系统，比如有（bugzilla,testtrack,clearquest等），例如：
     <issueManagement>
       <system>Bugzilla</system>
       <url>http://127.0.0.1/bugzilla/</url>
     </issueManagement>
    -->
    <ciManagement>...</ciManagement> 
    <!--Continuous Integration Management：设置自动build系统，一些集成程序包括continuum,Cruise control等。例如：

    <ciManagement>
       <system>continuum</system>
       <url>http://127.0.0.1:8080/continuum</url>
       <notifiers>
         <notifier>
           <type>mail</type>
           <sendOnError>true</sendOnError>
           <sendOnFailure>true</sendOnFailure>
           <sendOnSuccess>false</sendOnSuccess>
           <sendOnWarning>false</sendOnWarning>
           <configuration><address>continuum@127.0.0.1</address></configuration>
         </notifier>
       </notifiers>
     </ciManagement>

    maven捕获一些经常重发生的配置，在notifier元素里配置。A notifier is the manner in which people are notified of certain build statuses. In the following example, this POM is setting a notifier of type mail (meaning email), and configuring the email address to use on the specified triggers sendOnError,sendOnFailure, and not sendOnSuccess or sendOnWarning.
    -->
    <mailingLists>...</mailingLists>
    <!--例如：
     <mailingLists>
       <mailingList>
         <name>User List</name>
         <subscribe>user-subscribe@127.0.0.1</subscribe>
         <unsubscribe>user-unsubscribe@127.0.0.1</unsubscribe>
         <post>user@127.0.0.1</post>
         <archive>http://127.0.0.1/user/</archive>
         <otherArchives>
           <otherArchive>http://base.google.com/base/1/127.0.0.1</otherArchive>
         </otherArchives>
       </mailingList>
     </mailingLists>
    看不懂解释啊，照搬吧：

  • subscribe, 

    unsubscribe: There elements specify the email addresses which are used for performing the relative actions To subscribe to the user list above, a user would send an email to user-subscribe@127.0.0.1.

  • archive: This element specifies the url of the archive of old mailing list emails, if one exists. If there are mirrored archives, they can be specified under otherArchives.

  • post: The email address which one would use in order to post to the mailing list. Note that not all mailing lists have the ability to post to (such as a build failure list). 


    -->
    <scm>...</scm>

    <!--例如：
     <scm>
       <connection>scm:svn:http://127.0.0.1/svn/my-project</connection>
       <developerConnection>scm:svn:https://127.0.0.1/svn/my-project</developerConnection>
       <tag>HEAD</tag>
       <url>http://127.0.0.1/websvn/my-project</url>
     </scm>
    connection, developerConnection: 都是连接字符串，其中后者是具有write权限的scm连接，常用的scm工具包括cvs与subversion，还有其他scms，url的字符串格式是：scm:[provider]:[provider_specific]，例如cvs的是scm:cvs:pserver:127.0.0.1:/cvs/root:my-project
    tag：说明project所在的目录tag，默认是HEAD，表示根目录
    url：公开的可浏览repository
    -->

    <prerequisites>...</prerequisites>
     <!--首要条件，如果不满足，maven会在事件开始之前失败，在pom4.0，唯一的首要条件是maven元素-->
    <repositories>...</repositories>
    <!--要成为maven2的repository artifact，必须具有pom文件在$BASE_REPO/groupId/artifactId/version/artifactId-version.pom
    BASE_REPO可以是本地，也可以是远程的。repository元素就是声明那些去查找的repositories
    默认的central Maven repository在http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/；
    <repositories>
       <repository>
         <releases>
           <enabled>false</enabled>
           <updatePolicy>always</updatePolicy>
           <checksumPolicy>warn</checksumPolicy>
         </releases>
         <snapshots>
           <enabled>true</enabled>
           <updatePolicy>never</updatePolicy>
           <checksumPolicy>fail</checksumPolicy>
         </snapshots>
         <id>codehausSnapshots</id>
         <name>Codehaus Snapshots</name>
         <url>http://snapshots.maven.codehaus.org/maven2</url>
         <layout>default</layout>
       </repository>
     </repositories>
    release和snapshots：是artifact的两种policies，pom可以选择那种政策有效。
    enable：本别指定两种类型是否可用，true or false
    updatePolicy:说明更新发生的频率always 或者 never 或者 daily（默认的）或者 interval:X（X是分钟数）
    checksumPolicy：When Maven deploys files to the repository, it also deploys corresponding checksum files. Your options are to ignore, fail, orwarn on missing or incorrect checksums.
    layout：maven1.x与maven2有不同的layout，所以可以声明为default或者是legacy（遗留方式maven1.x）。
    -->
     <pluginRepositories>...</pluginRepositories>
    <!--与Repositories具有类似的结构，只是Repositories是dependencies的home，而这个是plugins 的home。-->
    <distributionManagement>...</distributionManagement>
    <!--管理distribution和supporting files。
    downloadUrl：是其他项目为了抓取本项目的pom’s artifact而指定的url，就是说告诉pom upload的地址也就是别人可以下载的地址。
    status：这里的状态不要受到我们的设置，maven会自动设置project的状态，有效的值：none：没有 声明状态，pom默认的；converted：本project是管理员从原先的maven版本convert到maven2的；partner：以前叫 做synched，意思是与partner repository已经进行了同步；deployed：至今为止最经常的状态，意思是制品是从maven2 instance部署的，人工在命令行deploy的就会得到这个；verified：本制品已经经过验证，也就是已经定下来了最终版。
    repository：声明deploy过程中current project会如何变成repository，说明部署到repository的信息。
       <repository>
         <uniqueVersion>false</uniqueVersion>
         <id>corp1</id>
         <name>Corporate Repository</name>
         <url>scp://repo1/maven2</url>
         <layout>default</layout>
       </repository>
       <snapshotRepository>
         <uniqueVersion>true</uniqueVersion>
         <id>propSnap</id>
         <name>Propellors Snapshots</name>
         <url>sftp://propellers.net/maven</url>
         <layout>legacy</layout>
       </snapshotRepository>
    id, name:：唯一性的id，和可读性的name
    uniqueVersion：指定是否产生一个唯一性的version number还是使用address里的其中version部分。true or false
    url：说明location和transport protocol
    layout：default或者legacy-->
    <site><!---声明如何部署project‘s 的site和document->
    <!--例如：
       <site>
         <id>mojo.website</id>
         <name>Mojo Website</name>
         <url>scp://beaver.codehaus.org/home/projects/mojo/public_html/</url>
       </site>
    与上面repository的元素相同意思
    -->
    Relocation：
    <!-- 说明工程的变更，在这里警告使用者当心工程被重命名了等信息。重新指定id和名称，并且写个message注明备注  <relocation>
         <groupId>org.apache</groupId>
         <artifactId>my-project</artifactId>
         <version>1.0</version>
         <message>We have moved the Project under Apache</message>
       </relocation>
    -->
    <profiles>...</profiles>
    <!--pom4.0的一个新特性就是具有根据environment来修改设置的能力。












它包含可选的activation（profile的触发器）和一系列的changes。例如test过程可能会指向不同的数据库（相对最终的deployment）或者不同的dependencies或者不同的repositories，并且是根据不同的JDK来改变的。那么结构如下：

 [object Object]<profiles>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<profile>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<id>test</id>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<activation>...</activation>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<build>...</build>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<modules>...</modules>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<repositories>...</repositories>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<pluginRepositories>...</pluginRepositories>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<dependencies>...</dependencies>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<reporting>...</reporting>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<dependencyManagement>...</dependencyManagement>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<distributionManagement>...</distributionManagement>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</profile>
 [object Object]</profiles>
[object Object]：
触发这个profile的条件配置如下例：（只需要其中一个成立就可以激活profile，如果第一个条件满足了，那么后面就不会在进行匹配。
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<profile>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<id>test</id>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<activation>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<activeByDefault>false</activeByDefault>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<jdk>1.5</jdk>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<os>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<name>Windows XP</name>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<family>Windows</family>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<arch>x86</arch>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<version>5.1.2600</version>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</os>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<property>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<name>mavenVersion</name>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<value>2.0.3</value>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</property>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<file>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<exists>${basedir}/file2.properties</exists>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]<missing>${basedir}/file1.properties</missing>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</file>
 [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object] [object Object]</activation>

-->
激活profile的方法有多个：setting文件的activeProfile元素明确指定激活的profile的ID，在命令行上明确激活Profile用-P flag 参数
查看某个build会激活的profile列表可以用：mvn help:active-profiles


</project>












































本文转自yunlielai51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/4925054/1176256，如需转载请自行联系原作者



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