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PRE-INSTALL kvm相关安装包及其作用 qemu-kvm 主要的KVM程序包 python-virtinst 创建虚拟机所需要的命令行工具和程序库 virt-manager GUI虚拟机管理工具 virt- top 虚拟机统计命令
virt-viewer GUI连接程序,连接到已配置好的虚拟机 libvirt C语言工具包,提供libvirt服务 libvirt-client 为虚拟客户机提供的C语言工具包 virt- install 基于libvirt服务的虚拟机创建命令
bridge-utils 创建和管理桥接设备的工具 INSTALL [root@master~] # yum install bridge-utils tunctl virt-manager virt-viewer kvm kmod-kvm qemu libvirt python-virtinst acpid -y
#查看是否加载kvm模块 [root@master~] # lsmod|grep kvm
kvm_intel 138567 0 kvm 441119 1 kvm_intel #如果没有这两条,可以用"modprobe kvm"加载; #相关命令"insmod;rmmod;modinfo" #启动libvirtd [root@master~] # systemctl start libvirtd;systemctl enable libvirtd
[root@master~] # systemctl list-unit-files|grep libvirtd
libvirtd.service enabled NETWORK CONFIGURATION #修改网卡文件ens33 [root@master~] # cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/
[root@master network-scripts] # echo "BRIDGE=br0" >>ifcfg-ens33 #在ifcfg-e**原网卡文件中增加"BRIDGE=br0"
#新建网桥文件ifcfg-br0(网桥名称),增加内容如下 [root@master network-scripts] # vi ifcfg-br0
************************************************* DEVICE=br0 TYPE= "Bridge" #大小写敏感,所以必须是Bridge
BOOTPROTO= "dhcp"
ONBOOT= "yes"
DELAY= "0"
STP= "yes" #这一行是来启动STP,和brctl命令行出来的结果有关
************************************************* #重启NetworkManager及network服务: [root@masternetwork-scripts] # systemctl restart NetworkManager
#当你手动修改了网卡文件后,需要重启NetworkManager服务来重新接管网络配置 #网卡配置文件和NetworkManager配置冲突时,解决方案:{1、重启NetworkManager;2、关闭NetworkManager} [root@masternetwork-scripts] # systemctl restart network
[root@master network-scripts] # ip a #ip命令用来查看和管理ip信息
1: lo:<LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN link /loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1 /8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1 /128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2:ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fastmaster br0 state UP qlen 1000 link /ether 00:0c:29:61:5c:1d brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3:virbr0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue stateDOWN link /ether 52:54:00:b6:45:5b brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.122.1 /24 brd 192.168.122.255scope global virbr0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4:virbr0-nic: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master virbr0state DOWN qlen 500 link /ether 52:54:00:b6:45:5b brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
6: br0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP link /ether 00:0c:29:61:5c:1d brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.0.170 /24 brd 192.168.0.255scope global dynamic br0
valid_lft 11979sec preferred_lft11979sec
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe61:5c1d /64 scopelink
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
7: vnet0:<BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast master br0state UNKNOWN qlen 500 link /ether fe:54:00:cb:63:b2 brdff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet6 fe80::fc54:ff:fecb:63b2 /64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
#查看网桥连接 [root@master network-scripts] # brctl show #brctl是一个网桥连接管理命令
bridge name bridge id STP enabled interfaces #如果上面不设置STP=yes,这里就会显示no
br0 8000.000c29615c1d yes ens33
vnet0
virbr0 8000.525400b6455b yes virbr0-nic
CLOSE SELINUX [root@masternetwork-scripts] # setenforce 0
[root@masternetwork-scripts] # getenforce
Permissive [root@masternetwork-scripts] #vi /etc/selinux/config
****************************************** SELINUX=permissive #修改配置文件使其永久生效
****************************************** CREATE A VM [root@master~] # mkdir -p /data/kvm
[root@master~] # virt-install --network bridge=br0 --name centos73 --ram 2048 --vcpus 1 --disk path=/data/kvm/centos73.img,size=16 --graphics none --location 'http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/' --extra-args="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200"
#详细每个参数的意义可以查看扩展资料 #安装过程会让你选择textmode 还是vnc,选择textmode继续安装吧 #如果网络会有问题的话,尽量选择用--cdrom /path/to/centos7.iso #virt-install --network bridge=br0 --name centos73 --ram 2048 --vcpus 1 --disk path=/data/kvm/centos73.img,size=16 --graphics none --location 'http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7.3.1611/os/x86_64/' --extra-args="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200" |