如果不将引用添加到类型库，则不能使用该类型库中定义的早期绑定类型.

If you're not adding the reference to the type library, you can't use the early-bound types defined in that type library.

Dim wkbkXLBook As Excel.Workbook
Dim wkSheet As Excel.worksheet

Excel是Excel类型库的程序名称，而Workbook是在该库中定义的类的名称.与Worksheet相同.由于未引用Excel，因此VBA无法解析这些类型，并且会出现编译错误.

Excel is the programmatic name of the Excel type library, and Workbook is the name of a class defined in that library. Same for Worksheet. Since Excel isn't referenced, VBA can't resolve these types, and you get a compile error.

您需要使用后期绑定代码，即在黑暗中，没有 IntelliSense ，自动补全或参数quick-info，并且不要输入任何错误-以免遇到运行时错误438和1004.

You need to work with late-bound code, i.e. in the dark, without IntelliSense, autocompletion, or parameter quick-info, and without making any typos - lest you run into run-time error 438 and 1004.

后期绑定"是指在运行时已解析".每当您声明As Object时，就会发生以下情况:

"Late-bound" means "resolved at run-time". Whenever you declare something As Object, that's precisely what happens:

Dim wkbkXLBook As Object
Dim wkSheet As Object

除非引用Excel类型库，否则不能使用任何Excel类型.其中也包括任何xl*常量.

You can't use any of the Excel types unless you reference the Excel type library. That includes any xl* constant, too.

Dim Excel As Object

我强烈建议将此名称重命名为xlApp.

I'd warmly recommend renaming this to e.g. xlApp.

当心隐式对象引用:

Dim someRange As Object
Set someRange = xlApp.ActiveWorkbook.Worksheets("Sheet1").Range("A1")

上面的方法可以工作，但也会泄漏ActiveWorkbook对象，其Worksheets集合以及检索到的Worksheet对象；即使执行了xlApp.Quit和Set xlApp = Nothing之后，这些泄漏的对象仍可以(并且经常做)阻止EXCEL.EXE进程正确关闭:避免像这样使用双点引用对象.改为执行此操作:

The above will work, but will also leak the ActiveWorkbook object, its Worksheets collection, and the Worksheet object retrieved; these leaked objects can (and often do) prevent the EXCEL.EXE process from correctly shutting down, even after executing xlApp.Quit and Set xlApp = Nothing: avoid double-dot referencing objects like this. Do this instead:

Dim books As Object
Set books = xlApp.Workbooks

Dim wb As Object
Set wb = books("workbook name")

Dim wbSheets As Object
Set wbSheets = wb.Worksheets

Dim ws As Object
Set ws = wbSheets("sheet name")

Dim rng As Object
Set rng = ws.Range("A1")

每个涉及的对象都明确地作用于本地过程，一切都会好起来的.

With every object involved explicitly scoped to the local procedure, everything should be fine.