您可以使用 @ControllerAdivce 注释创建一个附加类，然后再添加一个您将能够为每个异常编写自定义响应逻辑，例如：

You can create an additional class with @ControllerAdivce annotation and later you will be able to write custom response logic for each exception e.g:

@ControllerAdvice
public class GlobalExceptionHandler {

@ExceptionHandler({SQLException.class})
public ResponseEntity<Object> sqlError(Exception ex) {
  return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR).body("Some SQL exception occured");
}
}

此外，您可以扩展 ResponseEntityExceptionHandler ，并覆盖从异常到HTTP响应的映射的默认行为。

Also, you can extend ResponseEntityExceptionHandler and override the default behavior for mapping from exceptions to HTTP response.

另外，请查看此，它可为您的案件提供非常有用的信息。

Also, take a look at this, it holds very usefull information for your case.