在应用程序的Web.config中添加Microsoft.SqlServer.Types的引用解决了该问题。

Add the reference of Microsoft.SqlServer.Types in Web.config of application resolved the issue.

<runtime><assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">
  <dependentAssembly>
    <assemblyIdentity name="Microsoft.SqlServer.Types" publicKeyToken="89845dcd8080cc91" />
    <bindingRedirect oldVersion="1.0.0.0-11.0.0.0" newVersion="10.0.0.0" />
  </dependentAssembly>
</assemblyBinding></runtime>