您可以使用 backtics 来执行您的外部程序并捕获其 stdout 和 stderr.

You can use the backtics to execute your external program and capture its stdout and stderr.

默认情况下，反引号丢弃 stderr 并只返回外部程序的 stdout.所以

By default the backticks discard the stderr and return only the stdout of the external program.So

$output = `cmd`;

将捕获程序cmd的stdout并丢弃stderr.

Will capture the stdout of the program cmd and discard stderr.

要仅捕获 stderr，您可以使用 shell 的文件描述符:

To capture only stderr you can use the shell's file descriptors as:

$output = `cmd 2>&1 1>/dev/null`;

要同时捕获 stdout 和 stderr，您可以执行以下操作:

To capture both stdout and stderr you can do:

$output = `cmd 2>&1`;

使用上述内容，您将无法区分 stderr 和 stdout.将 stdout 与 stderr 分开可以重定向到一个单独的文件并读取文件:

Using the above you'll not be able to differenciate stderr from stdout. To separte stdout from stderr can redirect both to a separate file and read the files:

`cmd 1>stdout.txt 2>stderr.txt`;