我编写了 PHP 脚本来批量加载 Stack Overflow 数据转储发布的数据.我导入了数百万行，而且不需要那么长时间.

这里有一些提示:

• 不要依赖自动提交.为每一行启动和提交事务的开销是巨大的.使用显式事务，并在每 1000 行(或更多行)后提交.

• 使用准备好的语句.由于您基本上都在执行相同的插入数千次，因此您可以在开始循环之前准备每个插入，然后在循环期间执行，将值作为参数传递.我不知道如何用 CodeIgniter 的数据库库来做到这一点，你必须弄清楚.

• 调整 MySQL 以进行导入. 增加缓存缓冲区等.有关详细信息，请参阅INSERT 语句的速度.p>

• 使用 LOAD DATA INFILE. 如果可能.它比使用 INSERT 逐行加载数据快 20 倍.我理解您是否不能，因为您需要获取最后一个插入 id 等等.但在大多数情况下，即使您读取 CSV 文件，重新排列它并将其写入多个临时 CSV 文件，数据加载仍然比使用 INSERT 快.

• 离线进行.不要在网络请求期间运行长时间运行的任务.PHP 请求的时间限制将终止作业，如果不是今天，那么下周二当作业延长 10% 时.相反，让 Web 请求将作业排入队列，然后将控制权返回给用户.您应该将数据导入作为服务器进程运行，并定期让用户一瞥进度.例如，一种廉价的方法是让您的导入脚本输出.".到临时文件，然后用户可以请求查看临时文件并继续在浏览器中重新加载.如果您想变得更有趣，请使用 Ajax.

Okay, I'm having some serious issues here. I'm new to this site, and new to dealing with importing CSV data via PHP, but I'm not new to programming.

Currently, I'm working on building a Customer Relationship Manager. I need to create a script to import a file that will populate the database with leads. The main issue here is that the Lead data consists of Companies and Employees of said Company. Also, a few other tables are split off, such as billing information, from the main tables.

I have a working script that will allow users to map the imported data to specific rows and columns.

function mapData($file) {
    // Open the Text File
    $fd = fopen($file, "r");

    // Return FALSE if file not found
    if(!$fd) {
        return FALSE;
    }

    // Get the First Two Lines
    $first = 0;
    $data = array();
    while(!feof($fd)) {
        if($first == 0) {
            $cols = fgetcsv($fd, 4096);
            $data['cols'] = array();
            if(is_array($cols) && count($cols)) {
                foreach($cols as $col) {
                    if(!$col) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    $data['cols'][] = $col;
                }
            }
            if(empty($data['cols'])) {
                return array();
            }
            $first++;
            continue;
        }
        else {
            $data['first'] = fgetcsv($fd, 4096);
            break;
        }
    }
    fclose($fd);

    // Return Data
    return $data;
}

The above script only activates after CodeIgniter moves the file to a working directory. I already know what the file name is by this point. The file goes in and returns the list of columns and the first row. Any empty columns are ignored.

After this, process passes to a mapping script. Once mapping is done and "Import" is pressed, this piece of code loads.

function importLeads($file, $map) {
    // Open the Text File
    if(!file_exists($file)) {
        return false;
    }
    error_reporting(E_ALL);
    set_time_limit(240);
    ini_set("memory_limit", "512M");
    $fd = fopen($file, "r");

    // Return FALSE if file not found
    if(!$fd) {
        return FALSE;
    }

    // Traverse Each Line of the File
    $true = false;
    $first = 0;
    while(!feof($fd)) {
        if($first == 0) {
            $cols = fgetcsv($fd);
            $first++;
            continue;
        }

        // Get the columns of each line
        $row = fgetcsv($fd);

        // Traverse columns
        $group = array();
        $lead_status = array();
        $lead_type = array();
        $lead_source = array();
        $user = array();
        $user_cstm = array();
        $user_prof = array();
        $acct = array();
        $acct_cstm = array();
        $acct_prof = array();
        $acct_group = array();
        if(!$row) {
            continue;
        }
        foreach($row as $num => $val) {
            if(empty($map[$num])) {
                continue;
            }
            $val = str_replace('"', """, $val);
            $val = str_replace("'", "'", $val);
            switch($map[$num]) {
            // Company Account
            case "company_name":
                $acct['company_name'] = $val;
                break;
            case "lead_type":
                $lead_type['name'] = $val;
                break;
            case "lead_source":
                $lead_source['name'] = $val;
                break;
            case "lead_source_description":
                $lead_source['name'] = $val;
                break;
            case "campaign":
                $campaign['name'] = $val;
                break;
            case "mcn":
                $acct['mcn'] = $val;
                break;
            case "usdot":
                $acct['usdot'] = $val;
                break;
            case "sic_codes":
                $acct_cstm['sic_codes'] = $val;
                break;
            case "naics_codes":
                $acct_cstm['naics_codes'] = $val;
                break;
            case "agent_assigned":
                $acct_cstm['agent_assigned'] = $val;
                break;
            case "group_assigned":
                $group['name'] = $val;
                break;
            case "rating":
                $acct_cstm['rating'] = $val;
                break;
            case "main_phone":
                $acct['phone'] = $val;
                break;
            case "billing_phone":
                $acct_cstm['billing_phone'] = $val;
                break;
            case "company_fax":
                $acct['fax'] = $val;
                break;
            case "company_email":
                $acct['email2'] = $val;
                break;

            // Company Location
            case "primary_address":
                $acct['address'] = $val;
                break;
            case "primary_address2":
                $acct['address2'] = $val;
                break;
            case "primary_city":
                $acct['city'] = $val;
                break;
            case "primary_state":
                $acct['state'] = $val;
                break;
            case "primary_zip":
                $acct['zip'] = $val;
                break;
            case "primary_country":
                $acct['country'] = $val;
                break;
            case "billing_address":
                $billing['address'] = $val;
                break;
            case "billing_address2":
                $billing['address2'] = $val;
                break;
            case "billing_city":
                $billing['city'] = $val;
                break;
            case "billing_state":
                $billing['state'] = $val;
                break;
            case "billing_zip":
                $billing['zip'] = $val;
                break;
            case "billing_country":
                $billing['country'] = $val;
                break;
            case "company_website":
                $acct_cstm['website'] = $val;
                break;
            case "company_revenue":
                $acct_cstm['revenue'] = $val;
                break;
            case "company_about":
                $acct_prof['aboutus'] = $val;
                break;

            // Misc. Company Data
            case "bols_per_mo":
                $acct_cstm['approx_bols_per_mo'] = $val;
                break;
            case "no_employees":
                $acct_cstm['no_employees'] = $val;
                break;
            case "no_drivers":
                $acct_prof['drivers'] = $val;
                break;
            case "no_trucks":
                $acct_prof['power_units'] = $val;
                break;
            case "no_trailers":
                $acct_cstm['no_trailers'] = $acct_prof['trailers'] = $val;
                break;
            case "no_parcels_day":
                $acct_cstm['no_parcels_day'] = $val;
                break;
            case "no_shipping_locations":
                $acct_cstm['no_shipping_locations'] = $val;
                break;
            case "approves_inbound":
                $acct_cstm['approves_inbound'] = $val;
                break;
            case "what_erp_used":
                $acct_cstm['what_erp_used'] = $val;
                break;
            case "birddog":
                $acct_cstm['birddog_referral'] = $val;
                break;
            case "status_notes":
                $acct_cstm['status_notes'] = $val;
                break;
            case "notes":
                $acct_cstm['notes'] = $val;
                break;
            case "internal_notes":
                $acct_cstm['notes_internal'] = $val;
                break;

            // User Data
            case "salutation":
                $user_cstm['salutation'] = $val;
                break;
            case "first_name":
                $user['first_name'] = $billing['first_name'] = $val;
                break;
            case "last_name":
                $user['last_name'] = $billing['last_name'] = $val;
                break;
            case "user_title":
                $user_prof['title'] = $val;
                break;
            case "user_about":
                $user_prof['about'] = $val;
                break;
            case "user_email":
                $user['email'] = $val;
                break;
            case "home_phone":
                $user_prof['phone'] = $val;
                break;
            case "mobile_phone":
                $user_cstm['mobile_phone'] = $val;
                break;
            case "direct_phone":
                $user_cstm['direct_phone'] = $val;
                break;
            case "user_fax":
                $user_prof['fax'] = $val;
                break;
            case "user_locale":
                $user['location'] = $val;
                break;
            case "user_website":
                $user_prof['website_url'] = $val;
                break;
            case "user_facebook":
                $user_prof['fb_url'] = $val;
                break;
            case "user_twitter":
                $user_prof['twitter_url'] = $val;
                break;
            case "user_linkedin":
                $user_prof['linkedin_url'] = $val;
                break;
            }
        }
        if(empty($acct['company_name']) || empty($user['first_name']) || empty($user['last_name'])) {
            continue;
        }
        $this->db = $this->load->database('crm_db', TRUE);
        if(isset($lead_type['name']) && ($name = $lead_type['name'])) {
            $count = $this->db->count_all("lead_types");
            $check = $this->db->get_where("lead_types", array("name" => $name));
            if($check->num_rows() < 1) {
                $this->db->insert("lead_types", array("name" => $name, "order" => $count));
                $ltype = $this->db->insert_id();
                $acct_cstm['lead_type'] = $acct['account_type'] = $user['company_type'] = $ltype;
            }
        }
        if(isset($lead_source['name']) && ($name = $lead_source['name'])) {
            $count = $this->db->count_all("lead_sources");
            $check = $this->db->get_where("lead_sources", array("name" => $name));
            if($check->num_rows() < 1) {
                $this->db->insert("lead_sources", array("name" => $name, "order" => $count));
                $acct_cstm['lead_source'] = $this->db->insert_id();
            }
        }
        if(isset($campaign['name']) && ($name = $campaign['name'])) {
            $check = $this->db->get_where("campaigns", array("name" => $name));
            if($check->num_rows() < 1) {
                $campaign['id'] = $accounts_cstm['campaign'] = $this->Secure_m->generate_sugar_id();
                $campaign['date_entered'] = time();
                $campaign['date_modified'] = time();
                $campaign['modified_user_id'] = $this->session->userdata('id');
                $campaign['created_by'] = $this->session->userdata('id');
                $this->db->insert("campaigns", $campaign);
            }
        }
        if(isset($group['name']) && ($name = $group['name'])) {
            $order = $this->db->count_all("groups");
            $check = $this->db->get_where("groups", array("name" => $name));
            if($check->num_rows() < 1) {
                $this->db->insert("groups", array("name" => $name, "order" => $order));
                $acct_group['id'] = $this->db->insert_id();
            }
        }
        $mem = new stdclass;
        $uid = 0;
        if(is_array($user) && count($user)) {
            $where = "";
            if(!empty($user['phone'])) {
                $where .= "prof.phone = '{$user['phone']}' OR ";
                $where .= "cstm.mobile_phone = '{$user['phone']}' OR ";
                $where .= "cstm.direct_phone = '{$user['phone']}'";
            }
            if(!empty($user['mobile_phone'])) {
                if($where) {
                    $where .= " OR ";
                }
                $where .= "prof.phone = '{$user['mobile_phone']}' OR ";
                $where .= "cstm.mobile_phone = '{$user['mobile_phone']}' OR ";
                $where .= "cstm.direct_phone = '{$user['mobile_phone']}'";
            }
            if(!empty($user['direct_phone'])) {
                if($where) {
                    $where .= " OR ";
                }
                $where .= "prof.phone = '{$user['direct_phone']}' OR ";
                $where .= "cstm.mobile_phone = '{$user['direct_phone']}' OR ";
                $where .= "cstm.direct_phone = '{$user['direct_phone']}'";
            }
            $query = $this->db->query($this->Account_m->userQuery($where));
            $mem = reset($query->result());
            if($where && !empty($mem->id)) {
                $uid = $mem->id;
                $new = array();
                foreach($user as $k => $v) {
                    if(!empty($mem->$k)) {
                        $new[$k] = $mem->$k;
                        unset($user[$k]);
                    }
                    else {
                        $new[$k] = $v;
                    }
                }
                //$this->db->update("leads", $user, array("id" => $uid));
                $user = $new;
            }
            else {
                $user['uxtime'] = time();
                $user['isclient'] = 0;
                $user['flag'] = 0;
                $user['activation_code'] = $this->Secure_m->generate_activate_id();
                $uid = $this->Secure_m->generate_activate_id(10);
                $query = $this->db->get_where("leads", array("id" => $uid), 1);
                $data = reset($query->result());
                while(!empty($data->id)) {
                    $uid = $this->Secure_m->generate_activate_id(10);
                    $query = $this->db->get_where("leads", array("id" => $uid), 1);
                    $data = reset($query->result());
                }
                $user['id'] = $uid;
                $this->db->insert("leads", $user);
            }
        }
        if($uid && is_array($user_prof) && count($user_prof)) {
            if(!empty($mem->uid)) {
                $new = array();
                foreach($user_prof as $k => $v) {
                    if(!empty($mem->$k)) {
                        $new[$k] = $mem->$k;
                        unset($user_prof[$k]);
                    }
                    else {
                        $new[$k] = $v;
                    }
                }
                //$this->db->update("mprofiles", $user_prof, array("uid" => $uid));
                $user_prof = $new;
            }
            else {
                $user_prof['uid'] = $uid;
                $user_prof['flag'] = 0;
                $this->db->insert("ldetails", $user_prof);
            }
        }
        if($uid && is_array($user_cstm) && count($user_cstm)) {
            $query = $this->db->get_where("leads_cstm", array("crm_id" => $cid), 1);
            $data = reset($query->result());
            if(!empty($data->crm_id)) {
                $new = array();
                foreach($user_cstm as $k => $v) {
                    if(!empty($mem->$k)) {
                        $new[$k] = $mem->$k;
                        unset($user_cstm[$k]);
                    }
                    else {
                        $new[$k] = $v;
                    }
                }
                //$this->db->update("leads_cstm", $acct_prof, array("fa_user_id" => $cid));
                $user_cstm = $new;
            }
            else {
                $user_cstm['crm_id'] = $uid;
                $user_cstm['date_entered'] = time();
                $user_cstm['date_modified'] = time();
                $user_cstm['created_by'] = $this->session->userdata('id');
                $user_cstm['modified_user_id'] = $this->session->userdata('id');
                $this->db->insert("leads_cstm", $user_cstm);
            }
        }
        $cmp = new stdclass;
        $cid = 0;
        if(is_array($acct) && count($acct)) {
            $acct['uid'] = $uid;
            $acct['main_contact'] = "{$user['first_name']} {$user['last_name']}";
            if(!empty($user['email'])) {
                $acct['email'] = $user['email'];
            }
            $acct['isprospect'] = 0;
            $acct['flag'] = 0;
            if(!empty($acct['mcn'])) {
                $where .= "fms.mcn = '{$acct['mcn']}'";
            }
            if(!empty($acct['phone'])) {
                if($where) {
                    $where .= " OR ";
                }
                $where .= "fms.phone = '{$acct['phone']}' OR ";
                $where .= "crm.billing_phone = '{$acct['phone']}'";
            }
            if(!empty($acct['billing_phone'])) {
                if($where) {
                    $where .= " OR ";
                }
                $where .= "fms.phone = '{$acct['billing_phone']}' OR ";
                $where .= "crm.billing_phone = '{$acct['billing_phone']}'";
            }
            if(!empty($acct['company_name'])) {
                if($where) {
                    $where .= " OR ";
                }
                $where .= "fms.company_name = '{$acct['company_name']}'";
            }
            $query = $this->db->query($this->Account_m->acctQuery($where));
            $cmp = reset($query->result());
            if($where && !empty($cmp->id)) {
                $cid = $cmp->id;
                $new = array();
                foreach($acct as $k => $v) {
                    if(!empty($cmp->$k)) {
                        $new[$k] = $cmp->$k;
                        unset($acct[$k]);
                    }
                    else {
                        $new[$k] = $v;
                    }
                }
                //$this->db->update("accounts", $billing, array("cid" => $cid));
                $acct = $new;
            }
            else {
                $cid = $this->Secure_m->generate_activate_id(10);
                $query = $this->db->get_where("leads", array("id" => $uid), 1);
                $data = reset($query->result());
                while(!empty($data->id)) {
                    $cid = $this->Secure_m->generate_activate_id(10);
                    $query = $this->db->get_where("accounts", array("id" => $cid), 1);
                    $data = reset($query->result());
                }
                $acct['id'] = $cid;
                $this->db->insert("accounts", $acct);
            }
        }
        if($cid && is_array($acct_group) && count($acct_group)) {
            $grp = $this->db->get_where("accounts_groups", array("cid" => $cid, "gid" => $acct_group['id']));
            if(empty($cmp->id)) {
                $acct_group['cid'] = $cid;
                $this->db->insert("accounts_groups", $acct_group);
            }
        }
        if($cid && is_array($acct_prof) && count($acct_prof)) {
            if(!empty($cmp->id)) {
                $new = array();
                foreach($acct_prof as $k => $v) {
                    if(!empty($cmp->$k)) {
                        $new[$k] = $cmp->$k;
                        unset($acct_prof[$k]);
                    }
                    else {
                        $new[$k] = $v;
                    }
                }
                //$this->db->update("cprofiles", $acct_prof, array("cid" => $cid));
                $acct_prof = $new;
            }
            else {
                $acct_prof['cid'] = $cid;
                $acct_prof['flag'] = 0;
                $this->db->insert("adetails", $acct_prof);
            }
        }
        if($cid && is_array($billing) && count($billing)) {
            $bill = $this->db->get_where("accounts_billing", array("cid" => $cid));
            if(!empty($bill->id)) {
                $new = array();
                foreach($acct_prof as $k => $v) {
                    if(!empty($cmp->$k)) {
                        $new[$k] = $cmp->$k;
                        unset($acct_prof[$k]);
                    }
                    else {
                        $new[$k] = $v;
                    }
                }
                //$this->db->update("accounts_billing", $billing, array("cid" => $cid));
            }
            else {
                $billing['cid'] = $cid;
                $billing['flag'] = 0;
                $this->db->insert("accounts_billing", $billing);
            }
        }
        if($cid && $uid) {
            $this->db->update("leads", array("cid" => $cid), array("id" => $uid));
        }
        if($cid && is_array($acct_cstm) && count($acct_cstm)) {
            $query = $this->db->get_where("accounts_cstm", array("crm_id" => $cid), 1);
            $data = reset($query->result());
            if(!empty($data->crm_id)) {
                $new = array();
                foreach($acct_cstm as $k => $v) {
                    if(!empty($cmp->$k)) {
                        $new[$k] = $cmp->$k;
                        unset($acct_cstm[$k]);
                    }
                    else {
                        $new[$k] = $v;
                    }
                }
                //$this->db->update("accounts_cstm", $acct_cstm, array("crm_id" => $cid));
                $acct_cstm = $new;
            }
            else {
                $acct_cstm['crm_id'] = $cid;
                $acct_cstm['date_entered'] = time();
                $acct_cstm['date_modified'] = time();
                $acct_cstm['created_by'] = $this->session->userdata('id');
                $acct_cstm['modified_user_id'] = $this->session->userdata('id');
                if(empty($acct_cstm['rating'])) {
                    $acct_cstm['rating'] = 1;
                }
                $this->db->insert("accounts_cstm", $acct_cstm);
            }
        }
        $true = TRUE;
    }
    fclose($fd);

    return $true;
}

Now, as far as I can see, the script works perfectly fine. There's nothing wrong with the actual code itself. The problem is that after around 400-500 rows, the script just stops. I don't receive an error, but no further code is processed.

I know this because I have code after this that is supposed to return a redirect page through AJAX. Nothing after my loop in the importLeads function ever loads, though.

I'm not sure how to make this script more efficient... I'm positive it is timing out, but I don't know how to make it run more efficiently. I NEED this script to process all the information above separately. I have a variety of separate tables that all link together, and this import script has to set everything up in different ways.

I've talked with my client about this project. This script works when I drop it to around 400 rows. He has some a lot of these CSV files that are around 75,000 rows. The one I am importing is a smaller one, only about 1,200 rows.

I've tried looking into alternate methods, such as MySQL's import script, but I can't do that because this script must import data into separate tables, and it must check for existing data first. I'm also supposed to have all empty fields update with imported information, but that will make this even worse.

If anyone knows of a more efficient method it would be much appreciated. I tried to be as detailed as I could. Of note, I will mention that I'm using CodeIgniter, but if there's a more efficient way that doesn't use CodeIgniter I'll take it (I can still put it into a CI model, though).

I have written PHP scripts to bulk-load the data published by Stack Overflow data dump. I import millions of rows and it doesn't take that long.

Here are some tips:

• Don't rely on autocommit. The overhead of starting and committing a transaction for every row is enormous. Use explicit transactions, and commit after every 1000 rows (or more).

• Use prepared statements. Since you are basically doing the same inserts thousands of times, you can prepare each insert before you start looping, and then execute during the loop, passing values as parameters. I don't know how to do this with CodeIgniter's database library, you'll have to figure it out.

• Tune MySQL for import. Increase cache buffers and so on. See Speed of INSERT Statements for more information.

• Use LOAD DATA INFILE. If possible. It's literally 20x faster than using INSERT to load data row by row. I understand if you can't because you need to get the last insert id and so on. But in most cases, even if you read the CSV file, rearrange it and write it out to multiple temp CSV files, the data load is still faster than using INSERT.

• Do it offline. Don't run long-running tasks during a web request. The time limit of a PHP request will terminate the job, if not today then next Tuesday when the job is 10% longer. Instead, make the web request queue the job, and then return control to the user. You should run the data import as a server process, and periodically allow the user to glimpse the rate of progress. For instance, a cheap way to do this is for your import script to output "." to a temp file, and then the user can request to view the temp file and keep reloading in their browser. If you want to get fancy, do something with Ajax.