感谢 joe 的回答.我没有设法正确实现它，但我认为这是脚本解决方案的一个很好的起点.

Thanks joe for your answer. I did not manage to implement it correctly but I think this is a good starting point for a script solution.

但是，我找到了另一种方法来使用 range 和 bool/should 的组合来做我想做的事情.

However, I find another way to do what I wanted using combination of range and bool/should.

这里是:

{
  "query": {
    "bool": {
      "filter": [
        {
          "range": {
            "date_start": {
              "lte": "now"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "bool": {
            "should": [
              {
                "range": {
                  "date_end": {
                    "gte": "now"
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "term": {
                  "permanent": true
                }
              }
            ]
          }
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}