事实证明，我只需要连接到数据源，并存储从表中呈现的行的元素数组:

As it turned out, I just had to connect to the datasource, and store an array of elements that were the rendered rows from the table:

ngOnChanges(changes: SimpleChanges) {
    this.dataSource.sort = this.sort;
    this.dataSource.connect().subscribe(d => this.renderedData = d);
}

然后我可以遍历该集合:

Then I could iterate through that collection instead:

// And this performs the actual selection.
private selectRowsBetween(start, end) {
    let currentIndex = 0;
    this.renderedData.forEach(row => {
        if (currentIndex >= start && currentIndex <= end) {
            this.selection.select(row);
        }
        currentIndex++;
    });
}