如果你不想EF创建数据库，可以禁用数据库初始化：

If you don't want EF to create your database, you can disable the database initializer:

public class SchoolDBContext: DbContext 
{
    public SchoolDBContext() : base("SchoolDBConnectionString")
    {            
        //Disable initializer
        Database.SetInitializer<SchoolDBContext>(null);
    }
    public DbSet<Student> Students { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Standard> Standards { get; set; }
}

请参阅http://www.entityframeworktutorial.net/$c$c-first/turn-off-database-initialization-in-$c$c-first.aspx