必须为此编写自定义外壳扩展。这被称为图标覆盖处理程序。这与TortoiseSVN等应用程序在浏览器中添加图标的方式相同。

You will have to write custom shell extension for this. Which are known as "Icon Overlay Handlers". This is the same way by which applications like TortoiseSVN add icons in explorer.

查看此 MSDN文章和此代码示例