You can use parent() method:

final String html = "<a href=\"/auctions?id=4672\" class=\"auction sec\"> \n"
        + " <div class=\"progress\"> \n"
        + "  <div class=\"guarantee\"> \n"
        + "   <img src=\"/img/ico/2.png\" /> \n"
        + "  </div> \n"
        + " </div> </a>\n"
        + "<a href=\"/auctions?id=4670\" class=\"auction\">  \n"
        + " <div class=\"progress\"> \n"
        + "  <div class=\"guarantee\"> \n"
        + "   <img src=\"/img/ico/1.png\" /> \n"
        + "  </div> \n"
        + " </div> </a>";

Document doc = Jsoup.parse(html);

for( Element element : doc.select("img") ) // Select all 'img' tags
{
    Element divGuarantee = element.parent(); // Get parent element of 'img'
    Element divProgress = divGuarantee.parent(); // Get parent of parent etc.

    // ...
}