您不能同时处于多个cwd中.要为每个与模式匹配的目录运行命令，可以使用Dir#glob:

You can't be in multiple cwds simultaneously. To run the command for each directory that matches the pattern, you can use Dir#glob:

Dir.glob('/var/cache/acpchef/src/ap-kernelmodule-10*').each do |cwd|
  Mixlib::ShellOut.new("command run here", cwd: cwd).run_command
end