需要对上一个Replace的结果调用Replace:

You need to call Replace on the results of the previous Replace:

Const ForReading = 1
Const ForWriting = 2

Set objFSO = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
Set objFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile("W:\Test.txt", ForReading)

strText = objFile.ReadAll
objFile.Close
strNewText = Replace(strText, "Aron_", "Lori_")
strNewText1 = Replace(strNewText, "Aron", "Jason")
strNewText2 = Replace(strNewText1, "Sketa", "Skicia")

Set objFile = objFSO.OpenTextFile("W:\Test.txt", ForWriting)
objFile.WriteLine strNewText2 

objFile.Close

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您实际上可以重用单个变量，而不是使用 strNewText、strNewText1、strNewText2.

strText = Replace(strText, "Aron_", "Lori_")
strText = Replace(strText, "Aron", "Jason")
strText = Replace(strText, "Sketa", "Skicia")

及以后:

objFile.WriteLine strText

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此外，您可能需要考虑使用正则表达式一次匹配多个值.(在 SO 上搜索 VBScript 正则表达式 或 VBA 正则表达式.)