它只能用作延迟操作，使用 MOVEFILE_DELAY_UNTIL_REBOOT flag 。这是一个特权操作，需要用户上下文来启用管理员令牌（ UAC ）。这是安装程序在使用时如何替换文件，然后他们要求操作员重新启动系统。

正如您所看到的，不是微不足道的，你应该尝试避免这样做。

Using Windows API, is it possible to rename a file that's open in another process without FILE_SHARE_DELETE permissions?

I thought it's impossible based on CreateFile docs that say:

Note: Delete access allows both delete and rename operations.

Consistent with that, renaming through regular rename in the end-user command prompt, I often encountered The process cannot access the file because it is being used by another process.; a similar error happens with renaming through end-user GUI and through python's os.rename.

However, this highly-upvoted answer seems to state the opposite:

Deleting will fail if any other process has the file opened without delete sharing, renaming is never a problem.

And it's not just a minor point; the entire answer depends on that statement: it only solves the OP problem if renaming wouldn't fail when delete would.

What am I missing?

Note: If it matters, I am referring to Windows 10, using C++ API (which I assume is strictly more powerful than C# API).

Edit: moved the code snippet to a new question.

It is only possible as a deferred operation, using the MOVEFILE_DELAY_UNTIL_REBOOT flag. It is a priviledged operation that requires the user context to enable the Administrator token (UAC). This is how installers replace a file while in use, and then they ask for the operator to reboot the system.

As you can see, is not trivial and you should try to avoid doing this.