更新:评论指出此处的说明可能很危险.考虑使用Visual C ++ 2008 Express版或专用的 Microsoft Visual适用于Python的C ++编译器(详细信息)和不，请使用以下原始答案.原始错误消息表示未安装所需的Visual C ++版本.

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对于Windows安装:

在运行setup.py进行软件包安装时，Python 2.7搜索已安装的Visual Studio2008.您可以通过在调用setup.py之前在VS90COMNTOOLS环境变量中设置正确的路径来欺骗Python使用新的Visual Studio. /p>

根据安装的Visual Studio版本执行以下命令:

• Visual Studio 2010(VS10):SET VS90COMNTOOLS=%VS100COMNTOOLS%
• Visual Studio 2012(VS11):SET VS90COMNTOOLS=%VS110COMNTOOLS%
• Visual Studio 2013(VS12):SET VS90COMNTOOLS=%VS120COMNTOOLS%
• Visual Studio 2015(VS14):SET VS90COMNTOOLS=%VS140COMNTOOLS%

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警告:如下所述，如果您尝试编译python模块，则此答案不太可能起作用.

有关详细信息，请参见在Windows上为Python 2.7构建lxml .

I tried to install the Python package dulwich:

pip install dulwich

But I get a cryptic error message:

error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat

The same happens if I try installing the package manually:

> python setup.py install
running build_ext
building 'dulwich._objects' extension
error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat

Update: Comments point out that the instructions here may be dangerous. Consider using the Visual C++ 2008 Express edition or the purpose-built Microsoft Visual C++ Compiler for Python (details) and NOT using the original answer below. Original error message means the required version of Visual C++ is not installed.

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For Windows installations:

While running setup.py for package installations, Python 2.7 searches for an installed Visual Studio 2008. You can trick Python to use a newer Visual Studio by setting the correct path in VS90COMNTOOLS environment variable before calling setup.py.

Execute the following command based on the version of Visual Studio installed:

• Visual Studio 2010 (VS10): SET VS90COMNTOOLS=%VS100COMNTOOLS%
• Visual Studio 2012 (VS11): SET VS90COMNTOOLS=%VS110COMNTOOLS%
• Visual Studio 2013 (VS12): SET VS90COMNTOOLS=%VS120COMNTOOLS%
• Visual Studio 2015 (VS14): SET VS90COMNTOOLS=%VS140COMNTOOLS%

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WARNING: As noted below, this answer is unlikely to work if you are trying to compile python modules.

See Building lxml for Python 2.7 on Windows for details.