在linux（至少基于Debian的发行版）下，php需要包 php5-sybase 为Sybase和MSSql提供支持。

如果您使用基于debian的发行版，您将需要执行

  $ sudo apt-get install php5-sybase 
 $ sudo service apache2 restart 
 / pre> 

和
  php -rphpinfo（）;  | grepPDO驱动程序
 
应该给你
 


 PDO驱动程序：dblib，mysql，sqlite，... 
 
  dblib 实际上是我们需要的
 

现在可以使用这个驱动与Doctrine，这篇文章：
 Doctrine 2  - 如何添加自定义DBAL驱动程序？帮助我找到
 

 OP建议使用此捆绑在git 上，使事情一起工作。
 
I am trying to use Doctrine 2 (for Symfony 2) to connect to MSSQLServer from a linux machine.

I have installed pdo_dblib (PDO Driver for FreeTDS/Sybase DB-lib) and am able to connect to the db server via tsql on the command line and from the php cli also. Thus I know this is working.

In my Symfony/app/config/parameters.ini file I had specified database_driver="pdo_sqlsrv" as the database driver (as I read that this would be handled by db_lib) but when trying to run a create database command (using the command php app/console doctrine:database:create) I am getting the error:

  
Could not create database for connection named  could not find driver
I then changed the driver to database_driver="pdo_dblib" and I am now getting the error:

  
[Doctrine\DBAL\DBALException]

  The given 'driver' pdo_dblib is unknown, Doctrine currently supports
  only the following drivers: pdo_mysql, pdo_sqlite, pdo_pgsql, pdo_oci,
  oci8, ibm_db2, pdo_ibm, pdo_sqlsrv
So it seems that to connect to MSSQL my only option is pdo_sqlsrv, so I went to install this. However, I have just discovered here, that

  
The PDO_SQLSRV extension is only compatible with PHP running on Windows.
Thus the driver supported by doctrine and those available to use on linux seem to be mutually exlusive.  From searching I haven't found any instances of this issue being solved thus far (One guy marked the issue as solved, but when I read the thread he had simply moved his dev env to a windows box... not exactly what I had in mind!).
Under linux (at least Debian based distros), php needs the package php5-sybase that brings support for Sybase and MSSql.

If you are using a debian based distribution you will want to do
$ sudo apt-get install php5-sybase
$ sudo service apache2 restart
And
php -r "phpinfo();" | grep "PDO drivers"
should give you

  
PDO drivers: dblib, mysql, sqlite, ...
dblib is actually the one we need

Now to be able to use this driver with Doctrine, this post:
Doctrine 2 - How to add custom DBAL driver? helped me to find the answer.

The OP suggests to use this bundle on git that makes things work together.