对于诸如awk这样的精美工具，这是一项很好的任务:

This is a good task for such nice tool as awk:

awk '{gsub(" ", "", $0); a[$0]++; print $0"_"a[$0]}' 8_list

gsub(" ", "", $0);-替换行尾的尾随空格

gsub(" ", "", $0); - replaces trailing space at the end of the line

a[$0]++;-增加将列值作为数组键的每个模式(列值)的出现次数

a[$0]++; - incrementing the number of occurrences of each pattern(column value) treating a column value as an array key

输出:

Spiroplasma_***ense_1
Spiroplasma_diminutum_1
Spiroplasma_apis_1
Spiroplasma_sabaudiense_1
Spiroplasma_***ense_2
Spiroplasma_diminutum_2
Spiroplasma_***ense_3
EntAcro10_1
EntAcro10_2
Spiroplasma_apis_2
Spiroplasma_culicicola_1
Spiroplasma_sabaudiense_2
Spiroplasma_diminutum_3
Spiroplasma_sabaudiense_3
Spiroplasma_sabaudiense_4
Spiroplasma_sabaudiense_5
Spiroplasma_apis_3
Spiroplasma_culicicola_2
Spiroplasma_culicicola_3
Spiroplasma_culicicola_4
Spiroplasma_culicicola_5
Spiroplasma_diminutum_4
Spiroplasma_culicicola_6
Spiroplasma_culicicola_7
EntAcro1_1