与python字典最接近的东西R只是一个列表。与大多数R数据类型一样，列表可以具有一个名称属性，该属性可以使列表像一组名称/值对一样起作用：

The closest thing to a python dict in R is simply a list. Like most R data types, lists can have a names attribute that can allow lists to act like a set of name-value pairs:

> l <- list(a = 1,b = "foo",c = 1:5)
> l
$a
[1] 1

$b
[1] "foo"

$c
[1] 1 2 3 4 5

> l[['c']]
[1] 1 2 3 4 5
> l[['b']]
[1] "foo"

现在通常的免责声明：它们不是完全相同。会有差异。因此，您将很失望，尝试使用与在python中使用字典完全相同的方式来实际使用列表。

Now for the usual disclaimer: they are not exactly the same; there will be differences. So you will be inviting disappointment to try to literally use lists exactly the way you might use a dict in python.