您需要在您可以访问公共子网中的主机。一旦你访问该主机，那么您可以使用自己的私有IP地址连接到VPC的其他主机。

You need to have a hosts in the public subnet which you can access. Once you access this host, then you can connect to your other hosts in VPC using their private IP address.

您有问题实例有所以从您的工作站连接它只是私有IP地址是行不通的。

Your instance in question has only private IP address so connecting it from your workstation is not going to work.

我指的是主机通常被称为的的堡垒主机的。阅读提示在方案2：VPC与新闻及私人子网的文档。

The host I am referring to is usually called Bastion Host. read the Tip in Scenario 2: VPC with Public and Private Subnets documentation.

此外，阅读这个前几个结果谷歌搜索获取对使用情况全面了解的堡垒主机。

Also, read first few results of this Google Search to gain overall understanding on use-cases for Bastion hosts.