你不应该在 it、specify、 之外创建和操作它们before、let 和 subject 块.否则在测试后不会重置主题和其他变量.

You shouldn't be creating instances and manipulating them outside of it, specify, before, let, and subject blocks. Otherwise the subject and other variables are not reset after a test.

下面我使用几种不同的样式重写了您的规范.请参阅内嵌注释以获取解释.

Below I rewrote your spec using a couple of different styles. See the inline comments for an explanation.

class Tmp
  # Exposes the @values ivar through #values
  attr_reader :values

  def initialize
    @values = {}
  end

  def modify(new_value1, new_value2)
    @values = {a: new_value1, b: new_value2}
  end
end

describe Tmp do
  #`let` makes the return value of the block available as a variable named `instance` (technically it is a method named instance, but let's call it a variable).
  let(:instance) { described_class.new }

  # Inside an it block you can access the variables defined through let.
  it 'should be modifiable' do
    instance.modify('hi', 'bye')
    instance.values.should == {a: 'hi', b: 'bye'}
  end

  # or

  # `specify` is like `it` but it takes no argument:
  specify do
    instance.modify('hi', 'bye')
    instance.values.should == {a: 'hi', b: 'bye'}
  end

  # or

  # This is another common way of defining specs, one describe per method.
  describe '#modify' do
    let(:instance) { described_class.new }
    # Here we define the subject which is used implicitly when calling `#should` directly.
    subject { instance.values }
    before { instance.modify('hi', 'bye') }
    it { should == {a: 'hi', b: 'bye' } # Equivalent to calling `subject.should == ...`
  end

  # or

  # When we don't specify a subject, it will be an instance of the top level described object (Tmp).
  describe '#modify' do
    before { subject.modify('hi', 'bye') }
    its(:values) { should == {a: 'hi', b: 'bye' }
  end
end