我发布了一个类似的问题，后来找到了一个解决方案：将itemBuilder返回的小部件设置为有状态，并在其中使用FutureBuilder。

I posted a similar question and later found a solution: make the widget returned by the itemBuilder stateful and use a FutureBuilder in it.

对StreamBuilder中每个DocumentSnapshot的附加查询

这是我的代码。对于您的情况，您想使用一个新的有状态小部件而不是ListTile，因此可以添加FutureBuilder来调用异步函数。

Here's my code. In your case, your would want to use a new Stateful widget instead of ListTile, so you can add the FutureBuilder to call an async function.

StreamBuilder(
                  stream: Firestore.instance
                      .collection("messages").snapshots(),
                  builder: (context, snapshot) {
                    switch (snapshot.connectionState) {
                      case ConnectionState.none:
                      case ConnectionState.waiting:
                        return Center(
                          child: PlatformProgressIndicator(),
                        );
                      default:
                        return ListView.builder(
                          reverse: true,
                          itemCount: snapshot.data.documents.length,
                          itemBuilder: (context, index) {
                            List rev = snapshot.data.documents.reversed.toList();
                            ChatMessageModel message = ChatMessageModel.fromSnapshot(rev[index]);
                            return ChatMessage(message);
                          },
                        );
                    }
                  },
                )


class ChatMessage extends StatefulWidget {
  final ChatMessageModel _message;
  ChatMessage(this._message);
  @override
  _ChatMessageState createState() => _ChatMessageState(_message);
}

class _ChatMessageState extends State<ChatMessage> {
  final ChatMessageModel _message;

  _ChatMessageState(this._message);

  Future<ChatMessageModel> _load() async {
    await _message.loadUser();
    return _message;
  }

  @override
  Widget build(BuildContext context) {

    return Container(
      margin: const EdgeInsets.symmetric(horizontal: 10.0, vertical: 10.0),
      child: FutureBuilder(
        future: _load(),
        builder: (context, AsyncSnapshot<ChatMessageModel>message) {
          if (!message.hasData)
            return Container();
          return Row(
            children: <Widget>[
              Container(
                margin: const EdgeInsets.only(right: 16.0),
                child: GestureDetector(
                  child: CircleAvatar(
                    backgroundImage: NetworkImage(message.data.user.pictureUrl),
                  ),
                  onTap: () {
                    Navigator.of(context)
                        .push(MaterialPageRoute(builder: (context) => 
                        ProfileScreen(message.data.user)));
                  },
                ),
              ),
              Expanded(
                child: Column(
                  crossAxisAlignment: CrossAxisAlignment.start,
                  children: <Widget>[
                    Text(
                      message.data.user.name,
                      style: Theme.of(context).textTheme.subhead,
                    ),
                    Container(
                        margin: const EdgeInsets.only(top: 5.0),
                        child: _message.mediaUrl != null
                            ? Image.network(_message.mediaUrl, width: 250.0)
                            : Text(_message.text))
                  ],
                ),
              )
            ],
          );
        },
      ),
    );
  }
}
class ChatMessageModel {
  String id;
  String userId;
  String text;
  String mediaUrl;
  int createdAt;
  String replyId;
  UserModel user;

  ChatMessageModel({String text, String mediaUrl, String userId}) {
    this.text = text;
    this.mediaUrl = mediaUrl;
    this.userId = userId;
  }

  ChatMessageModel.fromSnapshot(DocumentSnapshot snapshot) {
    this.id = snapshot.documentID;
    this.text = snapshot.data["text"];
    this.mediaUrl = snapshot.data["mediaUrl"];
    this.createdAt = snapshot.data["createdAt"];
    this.replyId = snapshot.data["replyId"];
    this.userId = snapshot.data["userId"];
  }

  Map toMap() {
    Map<String, dynamic> map = {
      "text": this.text,
      "mediaUrl": this.mediaUrl,
      "userId": this.userId,
      "createdAt": this.createdAt
    };
    return map;

  }

  Future<void> loadUser() async {
    DocumentSnapshot ds = await Firestore.instance
        .collection("users").document(this.userId).get();
    if (ds != null)
      this.user = UserModel.fromSnapshot(ds);
  }

}